Fontecave M, Mansuy D, Jaouen M, Pezerat H
Biochem J. 1987 Jan 15;241(2):561-5. doi: 10.1042/bj2410561.
Lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes induced by asbestos fibres, crocidolite and chrysotile, is greatly increased in the presence of NADPH, leading to malondialdehyde levels comparable with those induced by CCl4, a very strong inducer of lipid peroxidation. This synergic effect only occurs during the first minutes and could be explained by an increase or a regeneration of the ferrous active sites of asbestos by NADPH, which in turn could rapidly be prevented by the adsorption of microsomal proteins on the surface of the fibres. It is not inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase and mannitol, indicating that oxygen radicals are not involved in the reaction. It is also not inhibited by desferrioxamine, indicating that it is not due to a release of free iron ions in solution from the fibres. Lipid peroxidation in NADPH-supplemented microsomes is also greatly increased upon addition of magnetite. This could be linked to the presence of ferrous ions in this solid iron oxide, since the ferric oxides haematite and goethite are completely inactive.
在烟曲霉中,铁离子通过铁转运蛋白Ftr1和Fet3从细胞外环境摄取,铁离子摄取机制的调控对于维持铁稳态至关重要。在缺铁条件下,Ftr1和Fet3的表达水平上调,从而增强铁离子的摄取。然而,铁离子摄取机制的过度激活可能导致细胞内铁离子过载,从而引发氧化应激和细胞毒性。因此,了解铁离子摄取机制的调控对于深入理解烟曲霉的生长、发育和致病性具有重要意义。
铁离子摄取机制的调控涉及多个层面,包括转录水平、翻译水平和蛋白质稳定性等。在转录水平上,缺铁条件下,转录因子HapX被激活,从而上调Ftr1和Fet3的表达。HapX通过与Ftr1和Fet3基因的启动子区域结合,直接调控它们的转录。此外,其他转录因子如SreA和Rim101也参与了铁离子摄取机制的调控,但它们的作用机制与HapX不同。
在翻译水平上,铁离子摄取机制的调控涉及到mRNA的稳定性和翻译效率。缺铁条件下,Ftr1和Fet3的mRNA稳定性增加,从而促进它们的翻译。此外,铁离子摄取机制的调控还涉及到蛋白质的稳定性。缺铁条件下,Ftr1和Fet3的蛋白质稳定性增加,从而延长它们的半衰期。
除了转录和翻译水平的调控外,铁离子摄取机制的调控还涉及到蛋白质的定位和运输。Ftr1和Fet3是位于细胞膜上的蛋白质,它们的定位和运输对于铁离子的摄取至关重要。缺铁条件下,Ftr1和Fet3的表达水平上调,它们被转运到细胞膜上,从而增强铁离子的摄取。
总之,铁离子摄取机制的调控是一个复杂的过程,涉及多个层面的调控。了解铁离子摄取机制的调控对于深入理解烟曲霉的生长、发育和致病性具有重要意义。未来的研究可以进一步深入探讨铁离子摄取机制的调控机制,以及它们在烟曲霉生物学过程中的作用。