Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA.
Singh Center for Nanotechnology, University of Pennsylvania, 3205 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Nat Commun. 2018 Oct 25;9(1):4442. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06818-6.
Corrugated paper cardboard provides an everyday example of a lightweight, yet rigid, sandwich structure. Here we present nanocardboard, a monolithic plate mechanical metamaterial composed of nanometer-thickness (25-400 nm) face sheets that are connected by micrometer-height tubular webbing. We fabricate nanocardboard plates of up to 1 centimeter-square size, which exhibit an enhanced bending stiffness at ultralow mass of ~1 g m. The nanoscale thickness allows the plates to completely recover their shape after sharp bending even when the radius of curvature is comparable to the plate height. Optimally chosen geometry enhances the bending stiffness and spring constant by more than four orders of magnitude in comparison to solid plates with the same mass, far exceeding the enhancement factors previously demonstrated at both the macroscale and nanoscale. Nanocardboard may find applications as a structural component for wings of microflyers or interstellar lightsails, scanning probe cantilevers, and other microscopic and macroscopic systems.
波纹纸为我们提供了一个日常生活中的轻量级但坚硬的三明治结构的例子。在这里，我们提出了纳米纸板，这是一种由纳米厚度（25-400nm）的面板通过微米高度的管状带连接而成的整体板机械超材料。我们制造了最大可达 1 平方厘米大小的纳米纸板，其在超低质量下（~1g·m）表现出增强的弯曲刚度。纳米级厚度允许板材在曲率半径与板材高度相当的情况下，在剧烈弯曲后完全恢复其形状。通过与具有相同质量的实心板相比，最佳选择的几何形状将弯曲刚度和弹簧常数提高了四个数量级以上，远远超过了以前在宏观和纳米尺度上展示的增强因子。纳米纸板可作为微飞行器的机翼或星际光帆、扫描探针悬臂以及其他微观和宏观系统的结构部件找到应用。
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