Pfeiffer Ronald F
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2018 Oct 25;20(12):54. doi: 10.1007/s11940-018-0539-9.
During the past 25 years, there has been an explosion of information regarding the occurrence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. In this review, the clinical features of gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease will be described and information regarding the potential role of the enteric nervous system and the gut microbiome in the genesis of Parkinson's disease will be addressed.
Recognition is growing regarding the role that gastroparesis and small intestinal dysfunction may play in Parkinson's disease, especially with regard to erratic responses to anti-Parkinson medication. The presence of enteric nervous system involvement in Parkinson's disease is now well established, but whether the enteric nervous system is the starting point for Parkinson's disease pathology remains a source of debate. The potential role of the gut microbiome also is beginning to emerge. Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a prominent nonmotor feature of Parkinson's disease and dysfunction can be found along the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract. The enteric nervous system is clearly involved in Parkinson's disease. Whether it is the initial source of pathology is still a source of controversy. There also is growing recognition of the role that the gut microbiome may play in Parkinson's disease, but much more research is needed to fully assess this aspect of the disorder.
在过去25年里，关于帕金森病中胃肠功能障碍发生情况的信息呈爆炸式增长。在本综述中，将描述帕金森病中胃肠功能障碍的临床特征，并探讨肠神经系统和肠道微生物群在帕金森病发病机制中的潜在作用。
人们越来越认识到胃轻瘫和小肠功能障碍在帕金森病中可能发挥的作用，特别是在对帕金森病药物的不稳定反应方面。目前已充分证实帕金森病存在肠神经系统受累情况，但肠神经系统是否为帕金森病病理的起始点仍存在争议。肠道微生物群的潜在作用也开始显现。胃肠功能障碍是帕金森病突出的非运动特征，且在胃肠道全长均可发现功能障碍。肠神经系统显然与帕金森病有关。它是否为病理的最初来源仍存在争议。人们也越来越认识到肠道微生物群在帕金森病中可能发挥的作用，但需要更多研究来全面评估该疾病的这一方面。
