Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, 6550 Fannin St, SM 1201, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2017 Oct 17;17(12):94. doi: 10.1007/s11910-017-0802-6.
The purposes of this review were as follows: first, to provide an overview of the gut microbiota and its interactions with the gut and the central nervous system (the microbiota-gut-brain axis) in health, second, to review the relevance of this axis to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, and, finally, to assess the potential for microbiota-targeted therapies.
Work on animal models has established the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a real phenomenon; to date, the evidence for its operation in man has been limited and has been confronted by considerable logistical challenges. Animal and translational models have incriminated a disturbed gut microbiota in a number of CNS disorders, including Parkinson's disease; data from human studies is scanty. While a theoretical basis can be developed for the use of microbiota-directed therapies in neurodegenerative disorders, support is yet to come from high-quality clinical trials. In theory, a role for the microbiota-gut-brain axis is highly plausible; clinical confirmation is awaited.
本次综述的目的如下：首先，概述肠道微生物群及其与肠道和中枢神经系统（微生物群-肠-脑轴）在健康中的相互作用；其次，综述该轴与帕金森病等神经退行性疾病发病机制的相关性；最后，评估针对微生物群的治疗方法的潜力。
动物模型的研究已经证实了微生物群-肠-脑轴的存在；迄今为止，其在人类中的作用的证据有限，并且面临着相当大的后勤挑战。动物和转化模型表明，肠道微生物群的紊乱与包括帕金森病在内的许多中枢神经系统疾病有关；来自人类研究的数据很少。虽然可以为神经退行性疾病中使用针对微生物群的治疗方法提供理论基础，但仍需要高质量的临床试验提供支持。从理论上讲，微生物群-肠-脑轴的作用极有可能；有待临床确认。
