ZakerJafari Hamid Reza, YektaKooshali Mohammad Hossein
School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Student Research Committee, School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Saf Health Work. 2018 Mar;9(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.006. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the most important problems among professions particularly, dentists. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in various parts of the body in Iranian dentists by using systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and searching in national databases such as SID, Magiran, Irandoc, IranMedex, and Medlib, and international databases such as MedLine, Web of Sciences, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Embase, Springer, Wiley Online Library, Ebsco, CEBM, and Google Scholar search engine which were published by January 1, 2017. Researched keywords were in Persian and their standard English equivalents were in accordance with their MeSH. The obtained documents were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis version 2.
According to 23 studies through 2,531 Iranian dentists which took part in this study, prevalence of skeletal disorders in Iranian dentists has been 17.6% [confidence interval (CI) 95%:11.7-25.5] in knees, 33.2% (CI 95%:24.1-43.8) in shoulders, 33.4% (CI 95%: 26.8-40.8) in the thorax, 51.9% (CI 95%:46.7-57.2) in necks, 33.7% (CI 95%:28.2-39.6) in wrists/hands, 12.9% (CI 95%:7.7-20.6) in elbows, 37.3% (CI 95%: 31.5-43.5) in lower back, 11.9% (CI 95%:8.7-16.1) in thighs, 12.9% (CI 95%:3.8-36) in the foot, and 10.5% (CI 95%:7-15.4) in legs.
Considering the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in Iranian dentists, ergonomics should be included as a lesson in preclinic and also, reeducation courses for ergonomics basics should be executed for graduate dentists.
工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病是各职业中尤其是牙医面临的最重要问题。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析确定伊朗牙医身体各部位肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率。
本系统评价和荟萃分析依据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，在伊朗的国家数据库如SID、Magiran、Irandoc、IranMedex和Medlib，以及国际数据库如MedLine、科学网、Scopus、PubMed、ScienceDirect、Cochrane、Embase、Springer、Wiley Online Library、Ebsco、循证医学中心和谷歌学术搜索引擎中进行检索，检索截至2017年1月1日发表的文献。研究关键词为波斯语，其标准英语对等词符合医学主题词表。使用综合荟萃分析第2版对获取的文献进行分析。
根据23项涉及2531名参与本研究的伊朗牙医的研究，伊朗牙医骨骼疾病的患病率在膝盖为17.6%[95%置信区间（CI）：11.7 - 25.5]，在肩部为33.2%（95%CI：24.1 - 43.8），在胸部为33.4%（95%CI：26.8 - 40.8），在颈部为51.9%（95%CI：46.7 - 57.2），在手腕/手部为33.7%（95%CI：28.2 - 39.6），在肘部为12.9%（95%CI：7.7 - 20.6），在下背部为37.3%（95%CI：31.5 - 43.5），在大腿为11.9%（95%CI：8.7 - 16.1），在足部为12.9%（95%CI：3.8 - 36），在小腿为10.5%（95%CI：7 - 15.4）。
鉴于伊朗牙医肌肉骨骼疾病的高患病率，人体工程学应纳入临床前课程，并且应为毕业牙医开展人体工程学基础知识的再教育课程。
