Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
J Cell Physiol. 2019 May;234(5):5786-5797. doi: 10.1002/jcp.27503. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide. Glycemic control is the main focus of antidiabetic therapy. However, there are data suggesting that some antidiabetic drugs may have intrinsic beneficial renal effects and protect against the development and progression of albuminuria, thus minimizing the risk of diabetic nephropathy. These pharmacological agents can suppress upstream molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes-induced renal dysfunction such as oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. In this narrative review, the pathophysiology of albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy is discussed. Furthermore, the renoprotective effects of antidiabetic drugs, focusing on albuminuria, are reviewed.
糖尿病是全球最常见的代谢紊乱疾病。血糖控制是抗糖尿病治疗的主要关注点。然而，有数据表明，一些抗糖尿病药物可能具有内在的有益肾脏作用，并可预防白蛋白尿的发生和进展，从而最大程度地降低糖尿病肾病的风险。这些药理制剂可以抑制涉及糖尿病引起的肾功能障碍的病理生理学的上游分子途径，如氧化应激、炎症反应和细胞凋亡。在这篇叙述性综述中，讨论了糖尿病肾病患者白蛋白尿的病理生理学。此外，还回顾了抗糖尿病药物在减少白蛋白尿方面的肾脏保护作用。
