Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 Jan;84:695-703. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.059. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Bacteria-induced diseases are a major cause of mortality in aquaculture. Probiotics have commonly been used to replace antibiotics for prophylactic biocontrol in aquaculture. In the present study, Paenibacillus ehimensis NPUST1 was isolated from a tilapia culture pond. This probiotic has bacteriocin-like activities against Aeromonas hydrophila and was characterized by biochemical analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing. The physiochemical properties of a crude extract of the bacteriocin-like substance revealed low pH and high thermal tolerance. The substance exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against diverse aquatic pathogens, food spoilage, clinical pathogens, and plant pathogens. The effect of dietary supplementation with P. ehimensis NPUST1 was evaluated in regard to the growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and immunity against pathogenic infection. The results showed significantly increased weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed efficiency (FE) in Nile tilapia fed P. ehimensis NPUST1 for 2 months compared with fish fed a control diet. When challenged with A. hydrophila and S. iniae, the fish fed P. ehimensis NPUST1 also exhibited a higher survival rate than fish fed the control diet. The immune parameters revealed that the P. ehimensis NPUST1-fed fish had significantly higher phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the head kidney leukocytes, as well as higher serum lysozyme activity and expression of cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β than the fish fed the control diet. These results indicate that dietary supplementation with P. ehimensis NPUST1 improved the growth performance, immunity, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia.
细菌引起的疾病是水产养殖中主要的致死原因。益生菌通常被用于替代抗生素，以在水产养殖中进行预防性生物防治。本研究从罗非鱼养殖池塘中分离出一株地衣芽孢杆菌 NPUST1。该益生菌对嗜水气单胞菌具有细菌素样活性，并通过生化分析和 16S rDNA 测序进行了特征描述。细菌素样物质粗提物的理化性质表明其具有低 pH 和高热耐受性。该物质对多种水产病原菌、食品腐败菌、临床病原菌和植物病原菌具有广谱抗菌活性。评估了日粮补充地衣芽孢杆菌 NPUST1 对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）生长和对致病性感染的免疫作用。结果表明，与对照组相比，连续 2 个月日粮补充地衣芽孢杆菌 NPUST1 可显著提高尼罗罗非鱼的增重（WG）、饲料转化率（FCR）和饲料效率（FE）。在受到嗜水气单胞菌和杀鲑气单胞菌攻击时，与对照组相比，日粮补充地衣芽孢杆菌 NPUST1 的鱼的存活率也更高。免疫参数表明，与对照组相比，地衣芽孢杆菌 NPUST1 喂养的鱼的头肾白细胞吞噬活性、呼吸爆发和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）更高，血清溶菌酶活性和细胞因子 TNF-α和 IL-1β的表达更高。这些结果表明，日粮补充地衣芽孢杆菌 NPUST1 可提高尼罗罗非鱼的生长性能、免疫力和抗病能力。
