Iwashita Marina Keiko P, Nakandakare Ivan B, Terhune Jeffery S, Wood Theresa, Ranzani-Paiva Maria José T
Embrapa - Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Fisheries and Aquaculture, 104 Sul, LO 1 Avenue, 34, Palmas, TO 77020-020, Brazil.
Fisheries Institute, 455 Matarazzo Avenue, Parque da Água Branca, São Paulo, SP 05001-900, Brazil.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2015 Mar;43(1):60-6. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.008. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary administration of probiotic with Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth, innate immune response, Hemato-immunological parameters and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Animals were distributed in three equal groups, each of five replicates and received one of the following experimental diets for four weeks: Control, non-supplemented diet; 5 g kg(-1) probiotic mixture (B. subtilis 1.5 × 10(9) CFU g(-1), S. cerevisiae 10(9) CFU g(-1) and A. oryzae 2 × 10(9) CFU g(-1)); and 10 g kg(-1) probiotic mixture (B. subtilis 3.0 × 10(9) CFU g(-1), S. cerevisiae 2.0 × 10(9) CFU g(-1) and A. oryzae 4.0 × 10(9) CFU g(-1)). The respiratory burst activity, white blood cells and hematological parameters were evaluated after four, five and six weeks of feeding. At the end of the growth trial, fish were sampled for intestinal microbiology and challenged by intraperitoneal injection of LD50 concentration of Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus iniae. Mortality was recorded for the following 3 weeks. Results showed that administration of the probiotic had no significant effect on the growth rates of Nile tilapias, although the fish fed probiotics had better feed conversion. Respiratory burst activity, erythrocyte fragility and levels of white blood cells were significantly improved in tilapias fed diet supplemented with probiotic levels (P < 0.05), which may exhibit up-regulating effects on tilapia immune parameters. The cumulative mortality after A. hydrophila and S. iniae challenge decreased in tilapias fed with probiotic (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated the potential of B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae and A. oryzae combined as beneficial dietary probiotic in juvenile O. niloticus.
进行了一项饲养试验，以研究在尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌、米曲霉和酿酒酵母组成的益生菌对其生长、先天免疫反应、血液免疫参数和抗病能力的影响。将实验动物平均分为三组，每组五个重复，分别投喂以下三种实验饲料，为期四周：对照组，不添加益生菌的基础饲料；5 g/kg益生菌混合物（枯草芽孢杆菌1.5×10⁹ CFU/g、酿酒酵母10⁹ CFU/g和米曲霉2×10⁹ CFU/g）；以及10 g/kg益生菌混合物（枯草芽孢杆菌3.0×10⁹ CFU/g、酿酒酵母2.0×10⁹ CFU/g和米曲霉4.0×10⁹ CFU/g）。在投喂四周、五周和六周后评估呼吸爆发活性、白细胞和血液学参数。在生长试验结束时，采集鱼的样本进行肠道微生物学分析，并通过腹腔注射半数致死剂量的嗜水气单胞菌和海豚链球菌进行攻毒。记录接下来3周的死亡率。结果表明，尽管投喂益生菌的鱼饲料转化率更高，但添加益生菌对尼罗罗非鱼的生长率没有显著影响。在添加益生菌的饲料喂养的罗非鱼中，呼吸爆发活性、红细胞脆性和白细胞水平显著提高（P<0.05），这可能对罗非鱼的免疫参数具有上调作用。在嗜水气单胞菌和海豚链球菌攻毒后，投喂益生菌的罗非鱼累积死亡率降低（P<0.05）。本研究证明了枯草芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母和米曲霉组合作为尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼有益日粮益生菌的潜力。
