[儿童自闭症谱系障碍的诊断年龄及影响诊断年龄的因素]
[Age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in children and factors influencing the age of diagnosis].
作者信息
Li Wen-Qian, Liu Xiao, Dai Ying, Cheng Qian
机构信息
Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
出版信息
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2018 Oct;20(10):799-803. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.10.003.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the factors influencing the age of diagnosis in children.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 1 691 children who visited in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University for the first time and were definitely diagnosed with ASD between February 2011 and July 2017. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify the factors influencing the age of diagnosis of ASD.
RESULTS
The ASD children had a mean age of 35±17 months (range 9-175 months) at diagnosis. Of all 1 691 children, the children who received a diagnosis of ASD at the age of 24-35 months accounted for the highest proportion (46.13%, 780/1 691), followed by those at the age of ≥36 months (33.41%, 565/1 691). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the children who had language disorders or lived in the main urban area or whose parents had a high education level had a younger age at diagnosis than other children (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Most ASD children have an age of 24-35 months at diagnosis. The age of diagnosis of ASD is associated with children's symptoms, living area, and parents' education level.
目的
探讨儿童自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的诊断年龄及影响诊断年龄的因素。
方法
对2011年2月至2017年7月间首次到重庆医科大学附属儿童医院就诊并确诊为ASD的1691例儿童的临床资料进行回顾性分析。采用多元线性回归模型确定影响ASD诊断年龄的因素。
结果
ASD儿童确诊时的平均年龄为35±17个月（范围9 - 175个月）。在全部1691例儿童中，24 - 35个月龄确诊ASD的儿童比例最高（46.13%，780/1691），其次是≥36个月龄的儿童（33.41%，565/1691）。多元线性回归分析显示，有语言障碍或居住在主城区或父母受教育程度高的儿童确诊年龄比其他儿童小（P<0.05）。
结论
多数ASD儿童确诊年龄在24 - 35个月。ASD的诊断年龄与儿童症状、居住地区及父母受教育程度有关。
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