Schuyt Theo N M, Gouwenberg Barbara M, Hoolwerf Barry L K
VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Am Behav Sci. 2018 Nov;62(13):1833-1843. doi: 10.1177/0002764218773406. Epub 2018 May 14.
This article describes the history, development, and current position of Dutch foundations. In the past, the philanthropy sector and foundations initiated many nonprofit services in the Netherlands. Along with the growth of the welfare state, philanthropy was sidelined. Due to public funding, the pillarized Dutch nonprofit sector extended strongly. However, despite its large scale it shows a special feature. Most nonprofits are still privately governed institutions although publicly funded. In the 1980s, governmental budget cuts forced the nonprofits to embrace the market as income source. A dualistic model got dominancy or state or market. At the end of the 20th century, however, philanthropy revived and a new philanthropy sector emerged. The article addresses the issue of the role of philanthropy in changing (European) welfare states. Are we experiencing further marketization and privatization-toward a so-called Anglo-Saxon shareholder model-or are we seeing a continuation of the so-called Rhineland, multistakeholder model of government, market, and philanthropy?
本文介绍了荷兰基金会的历史、发展及现状。过去，慈善部门和基金会在荷兰发起了许多非营利性服务。随着福利国家的发展，慈善事业被边缘化。由于公共资金的投入，荷兰支柱化的非营利部门得到了强劲发展。然而，尽管规模庞大，它却呈现出一个特殊的特征。大多数非营利组织虽然由公共资金资助，但仍然是私人治理的机构。20世纪80年代，政府预算削减迫使非营利组织将市场作为收入来源。一种二元模式占据主导地位，即要么依赖国家，要么依赖市场。然而，在20世纪末，慈善事业得以复兴，一个新的慈善部门应运而生。本文探讨了慈善事业在不断变化的（欧洲）福利国家中所扮演的角色这一问题。我们是正在经历进一步的市场化和私有化，走向所谓的盎格鲁 - 撒克逊股东模式，还是正在见证所谓的莱茵兰模式的延续，即政府、市场和慈善事业的多方利益相关者模式？
