Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie und Rheumatologie, Berlin, Germany.
Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2018 Oct 12;9:1974. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01974. eCollection 2018.
Fat tissue was initially described for its endocrine and metabolic function. Over the last two decades increasing evidence indicated a close interaction with the immune system. Partly responsible for this immune modulatory function are soluble factors released by the fat tissue, most prominently the so-called adipokines. These discoveries led to the question how adipokines influence inflammatory diseases. Linking inflammation and adipose tissue, Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, is of particular interest for studying the immune modulatory properties of adipokines since it is characterized by a hyperplasia of the mesenteric fat that subsequently is creeping around the inflamed segments of the small intestine. Thus, the role of several adipokines in the creeping fat as well as in intestinal inflammation was recently explored. The present review selected the four adipokines adiponectin, apelin, chemerin, and leptin and provides a working model based on the available literature how these factors participate in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis.
脂肪组织最初因其内分泌和代谢功能而被描述。在过去的二十年中，越来越多的证据表明它与免疫系统密切相互作用。部分负责这种免疫调节功能的是脂肪组织释放的可溶性因子，其中最突出的是所谓的脂肪因子。这些发现引发了一个问题，即脂肪因子如何影响炎症性疾病。将炎症与脂肪组织联系起来，克罗恩病是一种慢性炎症性肠病，由于肠系膜脂肪增生，随后在小肠发炎部位周围爬行，因此特别有兴趣研究脂肪因子的免疫调节特性。因此，最近研究了几种脂肪因子在爬行脂肪和肠道炎症中的作用。本综述选择了四种脂肪因子（脂联素、apelin、chemerin 和瘦素），并根据现有文献提供了一个工作模型，说明这些因子如何参与维持肠道免疫稳态。
