Yoon Phil S
Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 29;8(1):15926. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33966-y.
The research and development of silicon-based X-ray fluorescence detectors achieved its submicron sensitivity. Its initial use is intended for in-situ beam monitoring at advanced light-source facilities. The effectively functioning prototype fully leveraged technologies and techniques from a wide array of scientific disciplines: X-ray fluorescence technique, photon scattering and spectroscopy, astronomical photometry, semiconductor physics, materials science, microelectronics, analytical and numerical modelling, and high-performance computing. At the design stage, the systematic two-track approach was taken with the aim of attaining its submicron sensitivity: Firstly, the novel parametric method, devised for system-wide full optimisation, led to a considerable increase in detector's total solid angle (0.9 steradian), or integrated field-of-view (~3000 deg), thus, in turn, yielding a substantial enhancement of its photon-detection efficiency. Secondly, the minimisation of all types of limiting noise sources identified resulted in a boost to detector's signal-to-noise ratio, thereby achieving its targeted range of sensitivity. The subsequent synchrotron-radiation experiment with this X-ray detector demonstrated its capability to respond to 8-keV photon beams with 600-nanometre sensitivity. This Article reports on the innovative and effective design methods, formulated for systematising the process of custom-building ultrasensitive photodetectors, and future directions.
硅基X射线荧光探测器的研发实现了亚微米灵敏度。其最初用途是用于先进光源设施的原位束流监测。有效运行的原型充分利用了广泛科学学科的技术和工艺：X射线荧光技术、光子散射与光谱学、天文测光、半导体物理学、材料科学、微电子学、分析与数值建模以及高性能计算。在设计阶段，采用了系统的双轨方法以实现其亚微米灵敏度：首先，为实现全系统的完全优化而设计的新型参数方法使探测器的总立体角（0.9球面度）或积分视场（约3000度）大幅增加，进而使光子探测效率显著提高。其次，对识别出的所有类型的限制噪声源进行最小化处理，提高了探测器的信噪比，从而实现了其目标灵敏度范围。随后使用该X射线探测器进行的同步辐射实验证明了其对8千电子伏光子束具有600纳米灵敏度的响应能力。本文报道了为使定制超灵敏光电探测器的过程系统化而制定的创新且有效的设计方法以及未来发展方向。
