Jacoby R O, Bhatt P N, Gaertner D J, Smith A L, Johnson E A
Arch Virol. 1987;95(3-4):251-70. doi: 10.1007/BF01310784.
The pathogenesis of rat virus (RV) infection was studied in random-bred Sprague-Dawley rats after oronasal inoculation of a recent RV isolate designated RV-Yale (RV-Y). RV-Y was pathogenic for rats inoculated as infants (2 days) whereas rats inoculated as juveniles (4 weeks) had asymptomatic infection and no lesions. Rats inoculated as infants developed pantropic infection accompanied by hepatic necrosis, granuloprival cerebellar hypoplasia and hemorrhagic encephalopathy. Virological and serological studies showed that virus could persist in inoculated rats for at least 35 days and for at least 28 days after seroconversion was first detected. Immunohistochemical results indicated that RV-Y infects tissues conducive to virus excretion including kidney and lung. RV-Y also was found in genital tissues of some rats. Athymic juvenile rats inoculated intraperitoneally with RV-Y had a poor humoral immune response and harbored infectious virus for at least 3 weeks, whereas infection in euthymic control rats was detected for 1 week. These studies indicate that RV-Y can persists in the presence of humoral immunity and suggest that transmission of infection could occur for a substantial period after seroconversion. They also suggest that immunodeficient rats have increased susceptibility to persistent infection.
在对随机繁殖的斯普拉格-道利大鼠经口鼻接种一株最近分离的大鼠病毒（RV）毒株RV-Yale（RV-Y）后，研究了RV感染的发病机制。RV-Y对婴儿期（2日龄）接种的大鼠具有致病性，而幼年（4周龄）接种的大鼠则发生无症状感染且无病变。婴儿期接种的大鼠发生泛嗜性感染，伴有肝坏死、粒细胞缺乏性小脑发育不全和出血性脑病。病毒学和血清学研究表明，病毒可在接种的大鼠体内持续存在至少35天，且在首次检测到血清转化后至少持续28天。免疫组织化学结果表明，RV-Y感染有利于病毒排泄的组织，包括肾脏和肺。在一些大鼠的生殖组织中也发现了RV-Y。腹腔内接种RV-Y的无胸腺幼年大鼠体液免疫反应较差，且携带传染性病毒至少3周，而正常胸腺的对照大鼠感染仅检测到1周。这些研究表明，RV-Y可在体液免疫存在的情况下持续存在，并提示血清转化后很长一段时间内可能发生感染传播。它们还表明免疫缺陷大鼠对持续性感染的易感性增加。
