Acoustics, Ove Arup & Partners, 13 Fitzroy Street, London W1T 4BQ, UK.
Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Oct 29;15(11):2400. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15112400.
This systematic review assesses the quality of the evidence across studies on the effect of environmental noise (road traffic noise, aircraft noise, railway noise, wind-turbine noise) on quality of life, wellbeing and mental health. Quantitative studies of noise effects on children and adults published from January 2005 up to October 2015 were reviewed. A total of 29 papers were identified. 90% of the papers were of cross-sectional design, with fewer studies of longitudinal or intervention design. Outcomes included depression and anxiety, medication use and childhood emotional problems. The quality of the evidence across the studies for each individual noise source was assessed using an adaptation of the GRADE methodology. Overall, given the predominance of cross-sectional studies, most evidence was rated as very low quality, with evidence of effects only being observed for some noise sources and outcomes. These ratings reflect inconsistent findings across studies, the small number of studies and a lack of methodological robustness within some domains. Overall, there are few studies of clinically significant mental health outcomes; few studies of railway noise exposure; and studies of large samples are needed. The lack of evidence for noise effects across studies for many of the quality of life, wellbeing and mental health domains examined does not necessarily mean that there are no effects: rather, that they have not yet been studied robustly for different noise sources.
本系统评价评估了环境噪声（道路交通噪声、飞机噪声、铁路噪声、风力涡轮机噪声）对生活质量、幸福感和心理健康影响的研究证据质量。综述了 2005 年 1 月至 2015 年 10 月期间发表的关于噪声对儿童和成人影响的定量研究。共确定了 29 篇论文。90%的论文为横断面设计，纵向或干预设计的研究较少。结果包括抑郁和焦虑、药物使用和儿童情绪问题。使用 GRADE 方法的改编版评估了针对每个单独噪声源的研究的证据质量。总体而言，由于横断面研究居多，大多数证据的质量被评为极低，仅观察到一些噪声源和结果存在影响。这些评级反映了研究之间的不一致发现、研究数量较少以及某些领域方法学的不稳健性。总体而言，针对许多生活质量、幸福感和心理健康领域的临床显著心理健康结果的研究较少，需要对铁路噪声暴露进行更多研究，并且需要对大样本进行研究。在许多生活质量、幸福感和心理健康领域，针对不同噪声源进行了稳健研究后，仍未发现噪声影响，这并不一定意味着没有影响，而只是尚未进行研究。
