Noble Raymond, Noble Denis
Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London WC1E 6AU, UK.
Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK.
Chaos. 2018 Oct;28(10):106309. doi: 10.1063/1.5039668.
Choice in the behavior of organisms involves novelty, which may be unpredictable. Yet in retrospect, we can usually provide a rationale for the choice. A deterministic view of life cannot explain this. The solution to this paradox is that organisms can harness stochasticity through which they can generate many possible solutions to environmental challenges. They must then employ a comparator to find the solution that fits the challenge. What therefore is unpredictable in prospect can become comprehensible in retrospect. Harnessing stochastic and/or chaotic processes is essential to the ability of organisms to have agency and to make choices.
生物体行为中的选择涉及新奇性，而新奇性可能是不可预测的。然而回顾起来，我们通常能够为这种选择提供一个合理的解释。对生命的决定论观点无法解释这一点。这个悖论的解决方案是，生物体能够利用随机性，通过它可以为环境挑战生成许多可能的解决方案。然后它们必须使用一个比较器来找到适合该挑战的解决方案。因此，前瞻性中不可预测的事情在回顾时可能会变得可以理解。利用随机和/或混沌过程对于生物体拥有能动性和做出选择的能力至关重要。
