Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Voutes,Heraklion, 71110, Crete, Greece.
Department of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece.
BMC Psychiatry. 2018 Nov 1;18(1):356. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1931-4.
Recently, suicides in Greece have drawn national and international interest due to the current economic crisis. According to published reports, suicides in Greece have increased up to 40% and Crete has been highlighted as an area with the sharpest increase.
To investigate the suicide mortality rates in Crete between 1999 and 2013 and their association with the economic crisis.
Data on suicides were selected from the Department of Forensic Medicine files of the University of Crete.
Our analysis showed that (1) Crete, has the highest suicide mortality rate in Greece, however no significant increase was observed between 1999 and 2013, (2) there were opposing trends between men and women, with women showing a decrease whereas men showed an increase in that period, (3) there was a significant increase of suicides in middle-aged men (40-64 yrs) and elderly, although the highest unemployment rates were observed in young men and women, and (4) finally, there was a regional shift of suicides with a significant decrease in Western Crete and a significant increase in Eastern Crete.
Although, Crete has the highest suicide mortality rates in Greece, we did not observe an overall increase during the last 15 years, including the period of economic crisis. Furthermore, there was an increase in middle-aged and elderly men, whereas young men and women showed oppositional trends during the years of austerity. This may be related to the culturally different expectations for the two genders, as well as that younger individuals may find refuge to either strong family ties or by immigrating abroad. Finally, the relative increase of suicides in Eastern Crete may be explained by factors, such as the lack of community mental health services in that area.
最近，由于当前的经济危机，希腊的自杀事件引起了国内外的关注。据报道，希腊的自杀率上升了 40%，克里特岛是自杀率上升最明显的地区。
调查克里特岛 1999 年至 2013 年的自杀死亡率及其与经济危机的关系。
从克里特岛大学法医学系的档案中选择自杀数据。
我们的分析表明：(1)克里特岛是希腊自杀死亡率最高的地区，但在 1999 年至 2013 年间没有观察到显著增加；(2)男性和女性之间存在相反的趋势，女性自杀率下降，而男性则在该时期上升；(3)在中年男性（40-64 岁）和老年人中，自杀人数显著增加，尽管年轻人和妇女的失业率最高；(4)最后，自杀事件出现了区域转移，克里特岛西部的自杀率显著下降，而克里特岛东部的自杀率显著上升。
尽管克里特岛是希腊自杀死亡率最高的地区，但在过去 15 年中，包括经济危机期间，我们没有观察到总体上升。此外，中年和老年男性的自杀率上升，而年轻男性和女性在紧缩时期则呈现出相反的趋势。这可能与这两个性别在文化上的不同期望有关，以及年轻的个体可能会通过强烈的家庭关系或移民到国外来寻求庇护。最后，克里特岛东部自杀率的相对增加可能可以用该地区缺乏社区心理健康服务等因素来解释。
