Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan.
Division of Invertebrate Zoology and Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 1;8(1):16219. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34504-6.
We report a novel nanoflagellate, Ophirina amphinema n. gen. n. sp., isolated from a lagoon of the Solomon Islands. The flagellate displays 'typical excavate' morphological characteristics, such as the presence of a ventral feeding groove with vanes on the posterior flagellum. The cell is ca. 4 µm in length, bears two flagella, and has a single mitochondrion with flat to discoid cristae. The flagellate exists in two morphotypes: a suspension-feeder, which bears flagella that are about the length of the cell, and a swimmer, which has longer flagella. In a tree based on the analysis of 156 proteins, Ophirina is sister to jakobids, with moderate bootstrap support. Ophirina has some ultrastructural (e.g. B-fibre associated with the posterior basal body) and mtDNA (e.g. rpoA-D) features in common with jakobids. Yet, other morphological features, including the crista morphology and presence of two flagellar vanes, rather connect Ophirina to non-jakobid or non-discobid excavates. Ophirina amphinema has some unique features, such as an unusual segmented core structure within the basal bodies and a rightward-oriented dorsal fan. Thus, Ophirina represents a new deeply-branching member of Discoba, and its mosaic morphological characteristics may illuminate aspects of the ancestral eukaryotic cellular body plan.
我们报告了一种新的纤毛原生动物，Ophirina amphinema n. gen. n. sp.，它是从所罗门群岛的一个泻湖分离出来的。这种纤毛原生动物表现出“典型的挖掘”形态特征，例如在后鞭毛上有一个带有叶片的腹侧进食沟。细胞长约 4 μm，有两个鞭毛，单个线粒体具有平的或盘状嵴。这种纤毛原生动物存在两种形态类型：一种是悬浮食者，它的鞭毛长度与细胞相当，另一种是游泳者，它的鞭毛较长。在基于 156 种蛋白质分析的系统发育树上，Ophirina 与 jakobids 为姐妹群，支持度适中。Ophirina 具有一些与 jakobids 共同的超微结构（例如与后基体相关的 B 纤维）和 mtDNA（例如 rpoA-D）特征。然而，其他形态特征，包括嵴形态和两个鞭毛叶片的存在，将 Ophirina 与非 jakobid 或非 discobid 挖掘者联系起来。Ophirina amphinema 具有一些独特的特征，例如基体内部不寻常的分段核心结构和向右取向的背扇。因此，Ophirina 代表了 Discoba 的一个新的分支成员，其镶嵌的形态特征可能阐明了原始真核细胞体计划的某些方面。
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