Office of Population Research, Princeton University, New Jersey.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2020 Feb 14;75(3):630-639. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gby133.
Both performance-based and self-reported measures of physical functioning are predictors of mortality. There has been relatively little research examining whether their changes predict mortality. This study examines whether 5-year changes in performance-based and self-reported measures of functioning predict subsequent mortality.
Data are from the 2006 wave of the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study, 2011 wave of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study of Aging, and mortality follow-up through 2015. Gompertz proportional hazard models predict mortality from changes in ability to complete performance-based tests and changes in performance-based and self-reported functioning.
Incident inability to complete at least one performance-based test of functioning is associated with twice the risk of subsequent 4-year mortality. Conditional on the baseline measurement, a one standard deviation (SD) decline in grip strength is associated with a 61% increased risk of 4-year mortality; a one-SD decline in walking speed and a one-SD increase in self-reported limitations are both associated with around a 40% increased risk of 4-year mortality. Conditional on the most recent measurement of functioning, prior change is not significantly associated with subsequent mortality.
Repeated measures of performance-based and self-reported functioning are valuable in that they provide an updated measurement of functioning.
基于表现的和自我报告的身体功能测量都是死亡率的预测指标。相对较少的研究检验了它们的变化是否可以预测死亡率。本研究检验了基于表现的和自我报告的功能测量的 5 年变化是否可以预测随后的死亡率。
数据来自 2006 年社会环境与衰老生物标志物研究的波次、2011 年台湾老龄化纵向研究的波次，以及截至 2015 年的死亡率随访。戈珀特比例风险模型预测了从基于表现的测试能力变化和基于表现的和自我报告的功能变化中预测死亡率。
新出现的无法完成至少一项基于表现的功能测试与随后 4 年死亡率增加两倍有关。在基线测量的基础上，握力下降一个标准差与 4 年死亡率增加 61%有关；步行速度下降一个标准差和自我报告的限制增加一个标准差都与 4 年死亡率增加约 40%有关。在最近的功能测量的基础上，先前的变化与随后的死亡率没有显著关联。
基于表现的和自我报告的功能的重复测量是有价值的，因为它们提供了功能的更新测量。
