Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Department of Biochemistry and Gene Center, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2018 Nov 5;373(1762):20180168. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0168.
Genomes are under constant threat of invasion by transposable elements and other genomic parasites. How can host genomes recognize these elements and target them for degradation? This requires a system that is highly adaptable, and at the same time highly specific. Current data suggest that perturbation of transcription patterns by transposon insertions could be detected by the RNAi surveillance pathway. Multiple transposon insertions might generate sufficient amounts of primal small RNAs to initiate generation of secondary small RNAs and silencing. At the same time primal small RNAs need to be constantly degraded to reduce the level of noise small RNAs below the threshold required for initiation of silencing. Failure in RNA degradation results in loss of fidelity of small RNA pathways and silencing of ectopic targets.This article is part of the theme issue '5' and 3' modifications controlling RNA degradation'.
基因组不断受到转座元件和其他基因组寄生虫的入侵威胁。宿主基因组如何识别这些元件并将其靶向降解？这需要一个高度适应性的系统，同时又具有高度特异性。目前的数据表明，转座子插入引起的转录模式扰动可以被 RNAi 监测途径检测到。多个转座子插入可能产生足够数量的原始小 RNA，从而引发二级小 RNA 的产生和沉默。同时，原始小 RNA 需要不断降解，以将起始沉默所需的噪声小 RNA 水平降低到阈值以下。RNA 降解失败会导致小 RNA 通路的保真度丧失和异位靶标的沉默。本文是主题特刊“5' 和 3' 修饰控制 RNA 降解”的一部分。
