Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
J Immunol. 2018 Nov 15;201(10):2862-2871. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801091.
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are characterized by a semi-invariant TCR that recognizes vitamin B metabolite Ags presented by the MHC-related molecule MR1. Their Ag restriction determines a unique developmental lineage, imbuing a tissue-homing, preprimed phenotype with antimicrobial function. A growing body of literature indicates that MR1-restricted T cells are more diverse than the MAIT term implies. Namely, it is increasingly clear that TCR α- and TCR β-chain diversity within the MR1-restricted repertoire provides a potential mechanism of Ag discrimination, and context-dependent functional variation suggests a role for MR1-restricted T cells in diverse physiological settings. In this paper, we summarize MR1-restricted T cell biology, with an emphasis on TCR diversity, Ag discrimination, and functional heterogeneity.
黏膜相关不变 T（MAIT）细胞的特征是具有半不变的 TCR，其识别由 MHC 相关分子 MR1 呈递的维生素 B 代谢物抗原。它们的抗原限制决定了独特的发育谱系，赋予了具有抗菌功能的组织归巢、预刺激表型。越来越多的文献表明，MR1 限制的 T 细胞比 MAIT 术语所暗示的更加多样化。具体而言，越来越清楚的是，MR1 限制的 repertoire 内的 TCRα 和 TCRβ 链多样性提供了抗原区分的潜在机制，并且依赖于上下文的功能变化表明 MR1 限制的 T 细胞在各种生理环境中发挥作用。在本文中，我们总结了 MR1 限制的 T 细胞生物学，重点介绍 TCR 多样性、抗原区分和功能异质性。
