Pomeroy C, Englund J A
Am J Infect Control. 1987 Jun;15(3):107-19. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(87)90164-7.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes asymptomatic infection in most individuals but can produce devastating illness in immunocompromised hosts and in a small proportion of congenitally infected babies. New techniques in molecular biology have provided insights into the epidemiology and transmission of CMV. Children in day care, their parents, and sexually active individuals, especially homosexual men, are now known to be at particular risk for acquiring CMV. Recent studies show that the risk of CMV acquisition by health care workers is similar to the risk to the general public. Health care workers should be aware of the wide range of clinical manifestations, methods of laboratory diagnosis, and current limitations of treatment of CMV. Careful handwashing and avoidance of excretions and secretions are recommended to decrease the transmission of CMV in the hospital.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）在大多数个体中引起无症状感染，但在免疫功能低下的宿主以及一小部分先天性感染的婴儿中可导致严重疾病。分子生物学的新技术为巨细胞病毒的流行病学和传播提供了见解。现在已知日托中心的儿童、他们的父母以及性活跃人群，尤其是男同性恋者，感染巨细胞病毒的风险特别高。最近的研究表明，医护人员感染巨细胞病毒的风险与普通公众相似。医护人员应该了解巨细胞病毒广泛的临床表现、实验室诊断方法以及目前治疗的局限性。建议仔细洗手并避免接触排泄物和分泌物，以减少医院内巨细胞病毒的传播。
