Islam Md Mydul, Beverung Sean, Steward Robert
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
Micromachines (Basel). 2017 Oct 7;8(10):299. doi: 10.3390/mi8100299.
Blood vessels may be found throughout the entire body and their importance to human life is undeniable. This is evident in the fact that a malfunctioning blood vessel can result in mild symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest pain to more severe symptoms such as a heart attack or stroke, to even death in the severest of cases. Furthermore, there are a host of pathologies that have been linked to the human vasculature. As a result many researchers have attempted to unlock the mysteries of the vasculature by performing studies that duplicate the physiological structural, chemical, and mechanical properties known to exist. While the ideal study would consist of utilizing living, blood vessels derived from human tissue, such studies are not always possible since intact human blood vessels are not readily accessible and there are immense technical difficulties associated with such studies. These limitations have opened the door for the development of microdevices modeled after the human vasculature as it is believed by many researchers in the field that such devices can one day replace tissue models. In this review we present an overview of microdevices developed to mimic various types of vasculature found throughout the human body. Although the human body contains a diverse array of vascular systems for this review we limit our discussion to the cardiovascular system and cerebrovascular system and discuss such systems that have been fabricated in both 2D and 3D configurations.
血管遍布全身，其对人类生命的重要性不言而喻。这一点从以下事实中可见一斑：血管功能失常可能导致诸如呼吸急促或胸痛等轻微症状，进而引发如心脏病发作或中风等更严重的症状，在最严重的情况下甚至会导致死亡。此外，有许多病症与人体脉管系统相关。因此，许多研究人员试图通过开展复制已知存在的生理结构、化学和机械特性的研究来揭开脉管系统的奥秘。虽然理想的研究应利用源自人体组织的活体血管，但此类研究并不总是可行的，因为完整的人体血管不易获取，而且进行此类研究存在巨大的技术困难。这些局限性为仿照人体脉管系统开发微型设备打开了大门，因为该领域的许多研究人员认为，此类设备有朝一日能够取代组织模型。在本综述中，我们概述了为模拟人体中发现的各种类型脉管系统而开发的微型设备。尽管人体包含各种各样的血管系统，但在本综述中，我们将讨论限制在心血管系统和脑血管系统，并探讨以二维和三维结构制造的此类系统。
