Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia, 63 Xidawang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, China.
Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., 8 Jinshan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, China.
Nutrients. 2018 Nov 5;10(11):1674. doi: 10.3390/nu10111674.
Micronutrient inadequacy remains a nutritional problem in Chinese children. However, the associations between dietary diversity and inadequate micronutrient intake have not been extensively studied. A total of 2012 children aged 3⁻17 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included for analysis. Dietary diversity score (DDS) and food variety scores (FVS) were assessed based on three 24-h recall periods. The nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) was used to determine the micronutrient adequacy of the diet. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR, %) was defined as the sum of each NAR divided by the number of involved micronutrients. Overall micronutrient inadequacy (OMI) was defined as having a MAR below 0.75. Micronutrient inadequacy was defined as the proportion of individuals whose nutrient intake was less than the estimated average requirement. After adjustment confounders, DDS and FVSs were positively associated with MAR and NAR of most nutrients except sodium ( < 0.05). A higher DDS was negatively associated with the prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, iron, zinc, selenium, niacin, phosphorus, magnesium and OMI. Similar results were found for FVSs. In conclusion, this study indicates that poor dietary diversity and food variety in Chinese children are directly associated with inadequate micronutrient intake.
微量营养素不足仍然是中国儿童的营养问题。然而，饮食多样性与微量营养素摄入不足之间的关系尚未得到广泛研究。本研究共纳入了来自中国健康与营养调查的 2012 名 3-17 岁儿童进行分析。基于三个 24 小时回顾期评估了膳食多样性得分（DDS）和食物种类得分（FVS）。营养素充足率（NAR）用于确定饮食中微量营养素的充足程度。平均充足率（MAR，%）定义为每个 NAR 的总和除以涉及的微量营养素的数量。总体微量营养素不足（OMI）定义为 MAR 低于 0.75。微量营养素不足定义为摄入的营养素少于估计的平均需求量的个体比例。调整混杂因素后，DDS 和 FVS 与大多数营养素的 MAR 和 NAR 呈正相关，除了钠（<0.05）。较高的 DDS 与维生素 A、核黄素、维生素 C、铁、锌、硒、烟酸、磷、镁和 OMI 摄入不足的患病率呈负相关。FVS 也有类似的结果。总之，本研究表明中国儿童较差的饮食多样性和食物种类与微量营养素摄入不足直接相关。
