Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health of the University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2018 Dec;45(4):599-611. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2018.07.003. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
Increased variability in menstrual cycle length marks the onset of the menopausal transition, with the likelihood of long cycles increasing as women approach menopause. This article describes the STRAW+10 bleeding criteria for recognizing onset of the early and late menopausal transition, as well as the specific bleeding changes a woman may experience during this life stage, including how women's bleeding experiences differ. The high probability of episodes of excessive and prolonged bleeding as women approach their final menstrual period is documented, as is the continuing probability of ovulation as women reach their final menstrual period.
月经周期长度的变化增加标志着绝经过渡期的开始，随着女性接近绝经，长周期的可能性增加。本文描述了 STRAW+10 出血标准，用于识别绝经早期和晚期过渡期的开始，以及女性在这个生命阶段可能经历的具体出血变化，包括女性的出血体验如何不同。有大量证据表明，女性接近最后一次月经时，会出现过多和延长的出血，而女性达到最后一次月经时，仍有排卵的可能。
