Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jun;36(11-12):NP5874-NP5891. doi: 10.1177/0886260518808853. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Despite recent civil rights advances for sexual minority communities in the United States, disparities in violence victimization have increased in recent years. Polyvictimization, the experience of multiple types of violence, is common in the United States and may result in mental and physical health consequences above and beyond single-type victimization. However, disparities in polyvictimization among sexual minority young people remain understudied. The purpose of this article was to determine whether there were disparities in monovictimization and polyvictimization among sexual minority young people compared with their heterosexual peers. Data for this article were from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative cohort study started in 1994. Participants reported their experiences with eight types of violence across child abuse, criminal assault, intimate partner violence (IPV), and sexual assault domains. We categorized individuals with no violence victimization as nonvictims, individuals with one form of victimization as monovictims, and individuals with multiple types of victimization as polyvictims. We then compared experiences of each type of victimization and overall monovictimization and polyvictimization by sexual orientation ( = 9,828). Among females, the proportions of individuals experiencing victimization by sexual orientation were significantly different for all forms of violence. Among males, criminal assault, IPV resulting in injury, and nonphysically and physically forced sexual assault differed by sexual orientation. Compared with 100% heterosexual peers, individuals who were mostly heterosexual had significantly increased odds of monovictimization and polyvictimization compared with no victimization. Bisexual individuals had significantly increased odds of polyvictimiztion, and mostly/100% homosexual individuals had significantly increased odds of monovictimization. Multiple victimization experiences may be a pathway to lifetime health disparities, so our findings may explain many of the health disparities experienced in sexual minority communities. It will be critical to develop and evaluate intervention and prevention programs to eliminate these disparities.
尽管美国性少数群体的公民权利近年来取得了进步，但暴力受害的差异近年来有所增加。多 victimization，即经历多种类型的暴力，在美国很常见，可能会导致身心健康后果超出单一类型的受害。然而，性少数青年多 victimization 的差异仍未得到充分研究。本文的目的是确定性少数青年与异性恋同龄人相比，是否存在单一 victimization 和多 victimization 的差异。本文的数据来自全国青少年纵向健康研究，这是一项始于 1994 年的全国代表性队列研究。参与者报告了他们在儿童虐待、刑事攻击、亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和性侵犯领域的八种类型暴力的经历。我们将没有暴力受害的个体归类为非受害者，将经历一种形式受害的个体归类为单一受害者，将经历多种类型受害的个体归类为多受害者。然后，我们比较了每种类型的受害和总体单一 victimization 和多 victimization 的性取向（=9828）。在女性中，经历受害的个体比例因所有形式的暴力而存在显著差异。在男性中，刑事攻击、导致受伤的 IPV 以及非身体和身体强迫性性侵犯因性取向而异。与 100%异性恋同龄人相比，主要异性恋者的单一 victimization 和多 victimization 几率显著高于无受害。双性恋者的多 victimization 几率显著增加，而主要/100%同性恋者的单一 victimization 几率显著增加。多重受害经历可能是导致终身健康差异的途径，因此我们的研究结果可能解释了性少数群体中许多健康差异的原因。制定和评估干预和预防计划以消除这些差异至关重要。
