Senzai Yuta
Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, United States.
Neurosci Res. 2019 Mar;140:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
Anatomical observations, theoretical work and lesioning experiments have supported the idea that the CA3 in the hippocampus is important for encoding, storage and retrieval of memory while the dentate gyrus (DG) is important for the pattern separation of the incoming inputs from the entorhinal cortex. Study of the presumed function of the dentate gyrus in pattern separation has been hampered by the lack of reliable methods to identify different excitatory cell types in the DG. Recent papers have identified different cell types in the DG, in awake behaving animals, with more reliable methods. These studies have revealed each cell type's spatial representation as well as their involvement in pattern separation. Moreover, chronic electrophysiological recording from sleeping and waking animals also provided more insights into the operation of the DG-CA3 system for memory encoding and retrieval. This article will review the local circuit architectures and physiological properties of the DG-CA3 system and discuss how the local circuit in the DG-CA3 may function, incorporating recent physiological findings in the DG-CA3 system.
解剖学观察、理论研究和损伤实验均支持以下观点：海马体中的CA3对于记忆的编码、存储和提取至关重要，而齿状回（DG）对于来自内嗅皮质的传入输入的模式分离至关重要。由于缺乏可靠的方法来识别DG中不同的兴奋性细胞类型，对齿状回在模式分离中假定功能的研究受到了阻碍。最近的论文使用更可靠的方法，在清醒行为动物中识别出了DG中的不同细胞类型。这些研究揭示了每种细胞类型的空间表征以及它们在模式分离中的作用。此外，对睡眠和清醒动物的慢性电生理记录也为DG-CA3系统在记忆编码和提取中的运作提供了更多见解。本文将回顾DG-CA3系统的局部电路结构和生理特性，并结合DG-CA3系统最近的生理学发现，讨论DG-CA3中的局部电路可能如何发挥作用。
