Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Food Chem. 2019 Mar 15;276:662-674. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.079. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
Three techniques of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and solvent extraction (SE) were used for enhancing the hydroxytyrosol (HT), maslinic acid (MA) and oleanolic acid (OA) extraction from olive pomace, being evaluated and compared through process parameters, kinetics and thermodynamics, plus greenness assessment analysis. Results showed that UAE yielded the maximum compounds due to a strong cavitation effect and the strongest mass and heat transfer efficiency involving the kinetic constants (h, C and K) and thermodynamic parameters (△H, △S and △G). Additionally, the optimal extraction conditions were acquired: ethanol concentration of 90%, extraction temperature of 50 °C, extraction time of 5 min, liquid to solid ratio of 30 mL/g, ultrasound intensity of 135.6 W/cm, and ultrasound frequency of 60 kHz. UAE was confirmed as an effective and greener technique with the lowest E factor, energy consumption and carbon emission during the extraction process of bioactive compounds from olive pomace.
三种超声辅助提取（UAE）、微波辅助提取（MAE）和溶剂提取（SE）技术被用于从橄榄渣中增强提取羟基酪醇（HT）、齐墩果酸（MA）和熊果酸（OA），通过工艺参数、动力学和热力学以及绿色评估分析对其进行了评价和比较。结果表明，由于强烈的空化效应和最强的质量和热传递效率，UAE 产生了最大量的化合物，涉及动力学常数（h、C 和 K）和热力学参数（△H、△S 和△G）。此外，获得了最佳的提取条件：乙醇浓度为 90%，提取温度为 50°C，提取时间为 5 分钟，液固比为 30mL/g，超声强度为 135.6W/cm，超声频率为 60kHz。UAE 被确认为一种有效且更环保的技术，在从橄榄渣中提取生物活性化合物的过程中，其具有最低的 E 因子、能耗和碳排放。
