Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Neuro Oncol. 2018 Nov 9;20(suppl_7):vii17-vii26. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noy158.
Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. The traditional classification of gliomas has been based on histologic features and tumor grade. The advent of sophisticated molecular diagnostic techniques has led to a deeper understanding of genomic drivers implicated in gliomagenesis, some of which have important prognostic implications. These advances have led to an extensive revision of the World Health Organization classification of diffuse gliomas to include molecular markers such as isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and histone mutations as integral components of brain tumor classification. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of molecular prognostic factors for patients with gliomas, including those mentioned above, but also extending to others such as telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation, glioma cytosine-phosphate-guanine island methylator phenotype DNA methylation, and epidermal growth factor receptor alterations.
神经胶质瘤是成年人中最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤。神经胶质瘤的传统分类一直基于组织学特征和肿瘤分级。复杂的分子诊断技术的出现使人们对涉及神经胶质瘤发生的基因组驱动因素有了更深入的了解，其中一些具有重要的预后意义。这些进展导致对弥漫性神经胶质瘤的世界卫生组织分类进行了广泛修订，将分子标志物（如异柠檬酸脱氢酶突变、1p/19q 缺失和组蛋白突变）作为脑肿瘤分类的组成部分。在这里，我们报告了对神经胶质瘤患者分子预后因素的综合分析，包括上述因素，但也扩展到其他因素，如端粒酶逆转录酶启动子突变、O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA 甲基转移酶启动子甲基化、神经胶质瘤胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤岛甲基化表型 DNA 甲基化和表皮生长因子受体改变。
