Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales, University of Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jan;26(1):844-854. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3537-2. Epub 2018 Nov 10.
The environmental issue is nowadays taking more importance in the environmental awareness all around the world, and in this field, animal consideration is more and more spread. A highlighted part in globalisation is the animal welfare awareness. This article presents a study comparing attitudes towards animals among secondary and university students in reference to gender. It was carried out on 1394 Spanish participants from 11 to 26 years. The instrument used in the study is the reviewed version of the Animal Welfare Attitude Scale which was renamed as "Animal Welfare Attitude-Revised Scale" (AWA-R Scale), with a Cronbach α reliability value of 0.85. It is subdivided into four components namely C1: animal abuse for pleasure or due to ignorance; C2: leisure with animals; C3: farm animals; and C4: animal abandonment. These components have been deeply detailed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which highly contributes to define the position of participants for the different dimensions of animal welfare. It is concluded that significant differences exist between males' and females' attitudes in all components of the AWA-R Scale. It is also suggested that two social characteristics-people's attitudes towards animals and towards environmental protection-are, at the very least, coexistent and may indeed be interdependent. These differences between gender in matters of socialisation could thus be reflected in environmental attitudes, and also in others related to them, i.e. animal welfare attitudes.
当今世界，环境问题在全球环境意识中变得越来越重要，而在这个领域，动物福利的考虑也越来越受到关注。全球化的一个突出特点是动物福利意识的提高。本文比较了中学生和大学生在性别方面对动物的态度，研究对象为 1394 名 11 至 26 岁的西班牙参与者。研究中使用的工具是经过修订的动物福利态度量表，该量表更名为“动物福利态度修订量表”（AWA-R 量表），信度系数为 0.85。它分为四个组成部分，即 C1：为娱乐或由于无知而虐待动物；C2：与动物一起休闲；C3：农场动物；C4：动物遗弃。通过验证性因素分析（CFA）对这些组成部分进行了深入的详细分析，这对确定参与者在动物福利的不同维度上的立场有很大的帮助。研究结果表明，AWA-R 量表的所有组成部分中，男性和女性的态度存在显著差异。此外，人们对动物和环境保护的态度至少是并存的，实际上可能是相互依存的。因此，在社会化方面的性别差异可能会反映在环境态度上，以及与环境态度相关的其他态度上，例如动物福利态度。
