Axelsson Lars, Andersson Ingemar, Håkansson Anders, Ejlertsson Göran
Department of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, S-291 88 Kristianstad, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2005 Oct 7;5:103. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-5-103.
Working life is an important arena in most people's lives, and the working line concept is important for the development of welfare in a society. For young people, the period before permanent establishment in working life has become longer during the last two decades. Knowledge about attitudes towards work can help us to understand young people's transition to the labour market. Adolescents are the future workforce, so it seems especially important to notice their attitudes towards work, including attitudes towards the welfare system. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse upper secondary school students' work attitudes, and to explore factors related to these attitudes.
The sample consisted of 606 upper secondary school students. They all received a questionnaire including questions about quality of life (QOL), sense of coherence (SOC), subjective health and attitudes towards work. The response rate was 91%. A factor analysis established two dimensions of work attitudes. Multivariate analyses were carried out by means of logistic regression models.
Work ethics (WE) and general work attitudes (GWA) were found to be two separate dimensions of attitudes towards work. Concerning WE the picture was similar regardless of gender or study programme. Males in theoretical programmes appeared to have more unfavourable GWA than others. Multivariate analyses revealed that good QOL, high SOC and good health were significantly related to positive WE, and high SOC was positively related to GWA. Being female was positively connected to WE and GWA, while studying on a practical programme was positively related to GWA only. Among those who received good parental support, GWA seemed more favourable.
Assuming that attitudes towards work are important to the working line concept, this study points out positive factors of importance for the future welfare of the society. Individual factors such as female gender, good QOL, high SOC and good health as well as support from both parents, positive experience of school and work contacts related positively to attitudes towards work. Further planning and supportive work have to take these factors into account.
工作生活是大多数人生活中的一个重要领域，工作线概念对社会福利的发展至关重要。在过去二十年里，年轻人在工作生活中获得稳定工作前的这段时期变长了。了解对工作的态度有助于我们理解年轻人向劳动力市场的过渡。青少年是未来的劳动力，因此关注他们对工作的态度，包括对福利制度的态度似乎尤为重要。本研究的目的是描述和分析高中生的工作态度，并探讨与这些态度相关的因素。
样本包括606名高中生。他们都收到了一份问卷，其中包括关于生活质量（QOL）、连贯感（SOC）、主观健康状况以及对工作态度的问题。回复率为91%。通过因子分析确定了工作态度的两个维度。采用逻辑回归模型进行多变量分析。
职业道德（WE）和总体工作态度（GWA）被发现是工作态度的两个独立维度。关于职业道德，无论性别或学习课程如何，情况都相似。理论课程的男生似乎比其他人有更不利的总体工作态度。多变量分析显示，良好的生活质量、高连贯感和良好的健康状况与积极的职业道德显著相关，高连贯感与总体工作态度呈正相关。女性与职业道德和总体工作态度呈正相关，而参加实践课程学习仅与总体工作态度呈正相关。在那些得到良好父母支持的人中，总体工作态度似乎更积极。
假设对工作的态度对工作线概念很重要，本研究指出了对社会未来福利至关重要的积极因素。个体因素，如女性性别、良好的生活质量、高连贯感和良好的健康状况，以及来自父母双方的支持、学校的积极经历和工作接触，与对工作的态度呈正相关。进一步的规划和支持性工作必须考虑这些因素。
