Gupta Ekta, Agarwala Pragya
Department of Clinical Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Microbiol. 2018 Jul-Sep;36(3):317-323. doi: 10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_18_149.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an important public health problem. HEV infection has been identified as a major cause of enterically transmitted acute sporadic hepatitis in India especially in adult age group. India is hyperendemic for HEV, with the disease presenting both as outbreaks and as cases of acute sporadic viral hepatitis. Most of these outbreaks can be traced to contamination of drinking water supplies with human fecal matter. The last decade has witnessed tremendous change in our understanding of the virus in its epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, treatment options and the need for vaccination. With the identification of culture systems for HEV and development of animal models for its replication, knowledge regarding its replication and pathogenesis has evolved. This review attempts to discuss the nuances in our understanding of this virus, its pathogenesis and diagnosis, especially with reference to the Indian scenario.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染是一个重要的公共卫生问题。在印度，HEV感染已被确认为肠道传播的急性散发性肝炎的主要病因，尤其是在成年人群体中。印度是HEV的高度流行地区，该病既表现为暴发，也表现为急性散发性病毒性肝炎病例。这些暴发大多可追溯到饮用水供应被人类粪便污染。在过去十年中，我们对该病毒在流行病学、临床特征、诊断方法、治疗选择以及疫苗接种需求等方面的认识发生了巨大变化。随着HEV培养系统的确定和其复制动物模型的开发，关于其复制和发病机制的知识也不断发展。本综述试图讨论我们对这种病毒、其发病机制和诊断的理解中的细微差别，特别是参考印度的情况。
