Kasemsuth R, Asavanich A, Sucharit S, Vutikes S, Vutikes M
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1988 Mar;19(1):79-85.
Two-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) (Zavala et al., 1982) using monoclonal antibodies to P. falciparum and P. vivax was applied to detect sporozoites in laboratory-maintained An. dirus and also mosquitoes collected from endemic areas of malaria in Thailand. Study in P. falciparum infected mosquitoes revealed that the circumsporozoite (CS) antigen was first found in the abdominal portion on day 10 post-infection, while it could be observed in the salivary glands from day 15 onwards. The head-thorax portion of wild-caught mosquitoes were investigated by IRMA compared with the dissection technique. The results showed that none of the mosquitoes collected from Phrae was positive for malaria. The mosquitoes collected from Chantaburi showed 4 out of 1243 An. dirus that were positive for P. falciparum by IRMA, with sporozoites ranging from 207 to 3875. Among 3123 An. minimus collected from Kanchanaburi, 3 were positive by IRMA, 2 for P. falciparum and one P. vivax with sporozoites found in head-thorax portion were 1880, 2380 and 1026 respectively. Not a single sporozoite was found in the mosquitoes collected from these areas by the dissection technique. However 7 out of 1219 An. minimus from Kanchanaburi were found to possess undeveloped oocysts in the stomach wall. It is evident that the IRMA is efficient, convenient and suitable for the investigation of sporozoites in this region. The application of this technique in further epidemiological study of malaria is in progress.
使用针对恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫的单克隆抗体的双位点免疫放射分析（IRMA）（Zavala等人，1982年）被应用于检测实验室饲养的大劣按蚊以及从泰国疟疾流行地区采集的蚊子体内的子孢子。对感染恶性疟原虫的蚊子的研究表明，环子孢子（CS）抗原在感染后第10天首次在腹部被发现，而从第15天起在唾液腺中也能观察到。通过IRMA对野外捕获蚊子的头胸部进行了研究，并与解剖技术进行了比较。结果显示，从帕府采集的蚊子中没有一只疟疾检测呈阳性。从尖竹汶采集的蚊子中，1243只大劣按蚊中有4只通过IRMA检测恶性疟原虫呈阳性，子孢子数量在207至3875之间。在从北碧府采集的3123只微小按蚊中，有3只通过IRMA检测呈阳性，2只为恶性疟原虫，1只为间日疟原虫，在头胸部发现的子孢子数量分别为1880、2380和1026。通过解剖技术在这些地区采集的蚊子中未发现单个子孢子。然而，在北碧府采集的1219只微小按蚊中，有7只在胃壁中发现有未发育的卵囊。显然，IRMA高效、便捷且适用于该地区子孢子的调查。该技术在疟疾进一步流行病学研究中的应用正在进行中。
