Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2018 Nov 16;13(11):e0207618. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207618. eCollection 2018.
The use of plant essential oils has been shown to efficiently control insect pests of stored beans, significantly reducing the threats associated with synthetic insecticides. Here, we evaluated the potential of applications of essential oils of clove, Syzygium aromaticum L., and cinnamon, Cinnamomum zeylanicum L., to control Callosobruchus maculatus, considered as one of the most cosmopolitan pests of stored beans. Using four combinations of couples (i.e., unexposed couples, exposed females, exposed males, and exposed couples), we also evaluated how sublethal exposure to these essential oils impacted C. maculatus oviposition. Bioassays results revealed that both essential oils exhibited insecticidal activities similar to the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. Furthermore, oil dosage increments proportionately decreased the growth rate and reduced the losses in bean weight caused by cowpea weevils, and offspring emergence was almost abolished when parents were exposed to the LD20 of each essential oil. Finally, significant oviposition impairments were perceived only in couples where females were exposed (i.e., females exposed and exposed couples) to the LD20 of cinnamon and clove essential oils. Thus, by exhibiting similar insecticidal activities as synthetic insecticides and by significantly affecting the oviposition of sublethally exposed C. maculatus females, the cinnamon and clove essential oils represent valuable tools with potential of integration into the management of C. maculatus infestations.
植物精油的使用已被证明能有效地控制储存豆类的害虫，显著降低了与合成杀虫剂相关的威胁。在这里，我们评估了丁香（Syzygium aromaticum L.）和肉桂（Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.）精油应用的潜力，以控制斑皮蠹（Callosobruchus maculatus），它被认为是储存豆类中最具世界性的害虫之一。我们使用了四种组合（即未暴露的组合、暴露的雌性、暴露的雄性和暴露的组合），还评估了亚致死接触这些精油如何影响 C. maculatus 的产卵。生物测定结果表明，两种精油都表现出与合成拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂溴氰菊酯相似的杀虫活性。此外，油剂量的增加成比例地降低了豇豆象的增长率，并减少了因豇豆象引起的豆重损失，当父母接触到每种精油的 LD20 时，后代的出现几乎被废除。最后，只有当雌性接触到肉桂和丁香精油的 LD20 时（即暴露的雌性和暴露的组合），才会明显损害产卵。因此，肉桂和丁香精油表现出与合成杀虫剂相似的杀虫活性，并显著影响亚致死暴露的 C. maculatus 雌性的产卵，它们是有价值的工具，具有整合到 C. maculatus 感染管理中的潜力。
