National Center for Research and Studies on Water and Energy, CNEREE, Cadi Ayyad University, PO 511, Marrakech, Morocco; Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Ecotoxicology, Sanitation and Global change (LHEAC, CNRST Associated Research Unit, URAC33), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, PO 2390, Marrakech, Morocco.
National Center for Research and Studies on Water and Energy, CNEREE, Cadi Ayyad University, PO 511, Marrakech, Morocco.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Mar;169:150-160. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.009. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
The current study aims to perform a field survey of three abandoned mining sites in the southern centre of Morocco to assess the recent metal pollution in soils and accumulation potential of plant species. Native plants and soils were sampled at several sites in the studied mines and analysed for Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd concentrations. Soils in the investigated sites proved to be deficient in major macronutrients and to contain toxic levels of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd. Botanical survey of the prospected sites showed the abundance of diverse plant communities (46 species and 19 families), with no obvious toxicity symptoms. Results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals were different in the same plant species and from plant species to another. Eight plants of 46 species namely Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss, Citrullus vulgaris (L.) Schradi, Portulaca oleracea L., Stipa capensis Thunb., Lactuca viminea (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl, Forsskaolea tenacissima L., Lycium intricatum Boiss. and Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin were considered as the best-performing specimens due to their high ability to accumulate multiple metals in their shoots and roots without being affected by excessive metal contents. This was confirmed by the transfer factors generally higher than 1. Consequently, these tolerant and native plant species could be used as tools for an effective phytorestoration of metal-contaminated sites.
本研究旨在对摩洛哥中南部的三个废弃矿区进行实地调查，以评估土壤中近期的金属污染和植物物种的积累潜力。在研究矿区的多个地点采集了本地植物和土壤样本，并分析了 Cu、Zn、Pb 和 Cd 的浓度。调查地点的土壤缺乏主要的大量营养元素，并且含有有毒水平的 Cu、Zn、Pb 和 Cd。对预期地点的植物学调查显示，存在丰富多样的植物群落（46 种和 19 科），没有明显的毒性症状。结果表明，同种植物和不同种植物的重金属浓度不同。在 46 种植物中有 8 种，即 Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss、Citrullus vulgaris (L.) Schrad.、Portulaca oleracea L.、Stipa capensis Thunb.、Lactuca viminea (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl、Forsskaolea tenacissima L.、Lycium intricatum Boiss. 和 Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin，由于它们在不受到过量金属含量影响的情况下，在其茎和根中积累多种金属的能力较高，被认为是表现最好的标本。这一点通过转移因子普遍高于 1 得到了证实。因此，这些耐受和本地植物物种可以用作有效修复受金属污染地点的工具。
