Mulinari-Brenner Fabiane
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Universidade Federal do Parana, Hospital de Clinicas, Parana, Brazil.
Clin Dermatol. 2018 Nov-Dec;36(6):709-713. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.08.011. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Psychologic and social effects of scalp hair are more important than its biologic significance. Etiology of alopecia areata (AA) suggests a predominantly autoimmune reaction. Correlation between AA and psychologic disorders is reciprocal. Psychiatric disorders can trigger the onset of AA and its negative consequences may develop or exacerbate psychologic problems. The high incidence of a neurotic personality, depression, anxiety, and deficiency in coping with stress strengthen the role of psychic factors in the pathogenesis of AA. Strategies to assess these patients are often not apparent for the clinician and identifying patients in need of extra psychologic support should be a mainstay for successful treatment. Women, young patients, and those with significant AA or previous psychiatric disorders are at greater risk, requiring careful monitoring. Proper awareness and consciousness about the close relationship between AA and psychologic factors are essential.
头皮毛发的心理和社会影响比其生物学意义更为重要。斑秃(AA)的病因表明主要是一种自身免疫反应。AA与心理障碍之间的关联是相互的。精神障碍可引发AA的发病,其负面后果可能会导致或加剧心理问题。神经症人格、抑郁、焦虑以及应对压力能力不足的高发生率,强化了心理因素在AA发病机制中的作用。对于临床医生而言,评估这些患者的策略往往并不明确,识别出需要额外心理支持的患者应是成功治疗的关键。女性、年轻患者以及患有严重AA或既往有精神障碍的患者风险更高,需要密切监测。正确认识和意识到AA与心理因素之间的密切关系至关重要。