Scientific Institute I.R.C.C.S, "Eugenio Medea", "La Nostra Famiglia", Unit for Severe Disabilities in Developmental Age and Young Adults (Developmental Neurology and Neurorehabilitation), Brindisi Research Centre, Brindisi, Italy.
Scientific Institute I.R.C.C.S, "Eugenio Medea", "La Nostra Famiglia", Unit for Severe Disabilities in Developmental Age and Young Adults (Developmental Neurology and Neurorehabilitation), Brindisi Research Centre, Brindisi, Italy.
Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2019 Jan;23(1):31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.10.005. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the incidence and prevalence of comorbidity between Cerebral Palsy (CP), Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
We searched for articles indexed in PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Web of Science and other potentially relevant internet sources using a combination of expressions including "cerebral palsy" AND "autism" OR "ASD" OR "pervasive development disorder" AND "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder" OR "ADHD".
We identified 2542 studies on CP and ASD and 998 studies on CP and ADHD. After screening titles and abstracts and removing duplicated studies, 47 full papers (CP and ASD n = 28; CP and ADHD n = 19) were downloaded and screened for eligibility. Twenty-eight (CP and ASD n = 16; CP and ADHD n = 12) studies were identified in the peer-review literature. Based on this systematic review, ASD and ADHD seem to be more common in people with CP than in the general population, yet the gold standard methods for diagnosing ASD or ADHD are not suitable for children with motor problems.
Assessing the occurrence of ASD and ADHD would improve the significant cost of healthcare, therapies, and overall daily living for families with children affected by CP. However, psychometric studies are needed in the future to promote development of measures suitable for individuals with CP. In addition, this review highlights the paucity of peer-reviewed studies investigating the occurrence of ASD and ADHD in children with different CP subtypes or functional abilities, and there are still some open questions about pathogenic mechanisms common to CP, ASD and ADHD.
本系统综述旨在探讨脑瘫（CP）、自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）之间共病的发生率和流行率。
我们使用包括“脑瘫”和“自闭症”或“ASD”或“广泛发育障碍”和“注意缺陷多动障碍”或“ADHD”在内的多种表达方式，在 PubMed、EBSCOhost、Scopus、Web of Science 和其他潜在相关互联网资源中搜索文章。
我们在 CP 和 ASD 方面发现了 2542 项研究，在 CP 和 ADHD 方面发现了 998 项研究。在筛选标题和摘要并去除重复研究后，下载并筛选了 47 篇全文（CP 和 ASD n=28；CP 和 ADHD n=19）以确定其是否符合纳入标准。在同行评议文献中确定了 28 项研究（CP 和 ASD n=16；CP 和 ADHD n=12）。基于本系统综述，ASD 和 ADHD 在 CP 患者中似乎比普通人群更为常见，但用于诊断 ASD 或 ADHD 的金标准方法并不适用于有运动问题的儿童。
评估 ASD 和 ADHD 的发生情况将改善受 CP 影响的儿童家庭的医疗保健、治疗和整体日常生活的高昂成本。然而，未来需要进行心理测量学研究，以促进适合 CP 患者的措施的发展。此外，本综述强调了缺乏针对具有不同 CP 亚型或功能能力的儿童进行 ASD 和 ADHD 发生率的同行评议研究，并且 CP、ASD 和 ADHD 之间仍存在一些关于共同发病机制的未解决问题。
