Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Sep;17(10):2129-2131. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.11.006. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
Rectal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare tumor with unresolved etiology. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals and solid organ transplant recipients experience >30-fold and approximately 3-fold elevated rates of rectal SCC, respectively, suggesting immunosuppression plays a role. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected homosexual men have >60-fold higher rates of rectal SCC, similar to anal SCC. These patterns, which differ from the more common rectal adenocarcinoma (AdCA), raise the possibility of shared etiology between rectal and anal SCC, with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) being a likely candidate..
直肠鳞状细胞癌（SCC）是一种罕见的肿瘤，其病因尚未明确。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者和实体器官移植受者的直肠 SCC 发病率分别高出 30 多倍和近 3 倍，提示免疫抑制在其中发挥作用。HIV 感染者中的同性恋男性的直肠 SCC 发病率更高，约为 60 倍，与肛门 SCC 相似。这些与更常见的直肠腺癌（AdCA）不同的模式提示直肠 SCC 和肛门 SCC 可能具有共同的病因，人乳头瘤病毒 16 型（HPV16）可能是一个潜在的候选因素。
