Lazar Leslee
Centre for Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India.
J Exp Neurosci. 2018 Oct 31;12:1179069518809664. doi: 10.1177/1179069518809664. eCollection 2018.
Design cognition is a human cognitive ability that is characterized by multi-faceted skills and competencies. This skill requires finding solutions for a vague problem, where the end point is not specified and the transformations from the problem state to the solution state are also flexible. Designers solve such tasks regularly, but the mental processes involved in such a skill are not known completely. Design research has involved empirical studies and theoretical modeling to understand the cognitive processes underlying this skill. In lab-based studies, a sub-class of problem-solving tasks called "ill-structured" tasks has been used to study the design process. However, the use of a cognitive neuroscience perspective has only been nascent. In this review, some defining features of design creativity will be elucidated and a few cognitive neuroscience studies of design creativity that shows the underlying brain networks will be highlighted. Results from these experiments using ill-structured tasks along with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) show that the brain networks underlying design creativity only partially overlap with brain networks underlying other kinds of creativity. This argues for studying design creativity as a unique subset of creativity using experiments that mimic the real-world design creative processes.
设计认知是一种人类认知能力，其特点是具备多方面的技能和能力。这项技能需要为一个模糊的问题找到解决方案，该问题的终点未明确指定，并且从问题状态到解决方案状态的转变也是灵活的。设计师经常解决这类任务，但这种技能所涉及的心理过程尚未完全为人所知。设计研究涉及实证研究和理论建模，以理解这种技能背后的认知过程。在基于实验室的研究中，一类被称为“结构不良”任务的问题解决任务被用于研究设计过程。然而，认知神经科学视角的应用才刚刚起步。在这篇综述中，将阐明设计创造力的一些定义特征，并突出一些展示潜在脑网络的设计创造力的认知神经科学研究。使用结构不良任务以及功能磁共振成像（fMRI）进行的这些实验结果表明，设计创造力背后的脑网络仅部分与其他类型创造力背后的脑网络重叠。这表明需要使用模拟现实世界设计创作过程的实验，将设计创造力作为创造力的一个独特子集来进行研究。
