Rosenberg Jens T, Yuan Xuegang, Helsper Shannon N, Bagdasarian F Andrew, Ma Teng, Grant Samuel C
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CIMAR, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Brain Circ. 2018 Jul-Sep;4(3):133-138. doi: 10.4103/bc.bc_18_18. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
Ischemia, which involves decreased blood flow to a region and a corresponding deprivation of oxygen and nutrients, can be induced as a consequence of stroke or heart attack. A prevalent disease that affects many individuals worldwide, ischemic stroke results in functional and cognitive impairments, as neural cells in the brain receive inadequate nourishment and encounter inflammation and various other detrimental toxic factors that lead to their death. Given the scarce treatments for this disease in the clinic such as the administration of tissue plasminogen activator, which is only effective in a limited time window after the occurrence of stroke, it will be necessary to develop new strategies to ameliorate or prevent stroke-induced brain damage. Cell-based therapies appear to be a promising solution for treating ischemic stroke and many other ischemia-associated and neurodegenerative maladies. Particularly, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are of interest for cell transplantation in stroke, given their multipotency, accessibility, and reparative abilities. To determine the fate and survival of hMSC, which will be imperative for successful transplantation therapies, these cells may be monitored using magnetic resonance imaging and transfected with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), a contrast agent that facilitates the detection of these hMSCs. This review encompasses pertinent research and findings to reveal the effects of SPIO on hMSC functions in the context of transplantation in ischemic environments and over extended time periods. This paper is a review article. Referred literature in this paper has been listed in the references section. The data sets supporting the conclusions of this article are available online by searching various databases, including PubMed. Some original points in this article come from the laboratory practice in our research center and the authors' experiences.
缺血涉及到某一区域的血流减少以及相应的氧气和营养物质缺乏，它可能是中风或心脏病发作的结果。缺血性中风是一种在全球影响众多人的常见疾病，会导致功能和认知障碍，因为大脑中的神经细胞得不到足够的营养，并遭遇炎症及各种其他有害的毒性因素，从而导致细胞死亡。鉴于临床上针对这种疾病的治疗方法稀缺，比如使用组织纤溶酶原激活剂，而它仅在中风发生后的有限时间窗内有效，因此有必要开发新策略来改善或预防中风引起的脑损伤。基于细胞的疗法似乎是治疗缺血性中风以及许多其他与缺血相关的神经退行性疾病的一个有前景的解决方案。特别地，人间充质干细胞（hMSC）因其多能性、易获取性和修复能力，在中风的细胞移植方面受到关注。为了确定hMSC的命运和存活情况（这对于成功的移植治疗至关重要），可以使用磁共振成像对这些细胞进行监测，并将其用超顺磁性氧化铁（SPIO）转染，SPIO是一种造影剂，有助于检测这些hMSC。这篇综述涵盖了相关研究和发现，以揭示在缺血环境下移植及长时间过程中SPIO对hMSC功能的影响。本文是一篇综述文章。本文引用的文献已列于参考文献部分。支持本文结论的数据集可通过搜索包括PubMed在内的各种数据库在线获取。本文中的一些原创观点来自我们研究中心的实验室实践和作者的经验。
