微植体支抗上颌骨扩弓后面部软组织的三维分析。
Three-dimensional soft tissue analysis of the face following micro-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expansion.
机构信息
Division of Growth and Development, Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Center for Health Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Room 63-082 CHS, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Box 951668, CA, Los Angeles, 90095-1668, USA.
Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, 4732 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
出版信息
Prog Orthod. 2018 Nov 19;19(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s40510-018-0243-z.
BACKGROUND
Skeletal maxillary expander (MSE) is one of the more recent expander designs being utilized for skeletal expansion by splitting the midpalatal sutures applying forces through palatal micro-implants. Its effects on the soft tissue remain a question asked by both patients and clinicians. The aim of this study was to analyze and quantify soft tissue facial changes induced by MSE.
METHODS
3D facial images (3dMD) were used to capture face scans of 25 patients generating 3D soft tissue meshes before expansion (T0), right after expansion (T1), and 1 year in retention (T2). MATLAB was then used, utilizing non-rigid iterative closest point algorithm, to align all samples in vertex correspondence and generate averages. Surface mapping of each average, along with its variance, allows for quantification of changes between the three pools of samples in 3D space.
RESULTS
The generated 3D p-maps between T0 and T1 demonstrate that statistically significant changes (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) are localized in the circummaxillary area (paranasal, lips, and both cheeks). Vector map shows a mean displacement of 1.5 mm in the paranasal area. The right cheek showing a mean displacement magnitude of 2.5 mm while the left cheek has a mean of 2.9 mm. Direction of vectors are latero-anterior with more dominant anterior direction.
CONCLUSIONS
There are significant changes in paranasal, upper lip, and at both cheeks following expansion using MSE with greater magnitude at the cheeks area. Those changes do not relapse after 1 year (p < 0.05).
背景
骨骼上颌扩张器（MSE）是最近用于通过分裂中缝并通过腭部微种植体施加力来进行骨骼扩张的扩张器设计之一。其对软组织的影响是患者和临床医生都关心的问题。本研究旨在分析和量化 MSE 引起的软组织面部变化。
方法
使用 3D 面部图像（3dMD）捕获 25 名患者的面部扫描，在扩张前（T0）、扩张后即刻（T1）和保持 1 年（T2）时生成 3D 软组织网格。然后使用 MATLAB，利用非刚性迭代最近点算法，在顶点对应关系上对齐所有样本并生成平均值。每个平均值的曲面映射及其方差允许在 3D 空间中量化三个样本组之间的变化。
结果
T0 和 T1 之间生成的 3D p 映射表明，统计学上显著的变化（p < 0.05 和 p < 0.01）局限于眶周区域（鼻旁、嘴唇和两侧脸颊）。向量图显示，在鼻旁区域的平均位移为 1.5 毫米。右侧脸颊的平均位移幅度为 2.5 毫米，而左侧脸颊的平均位移幅度为 2.9 毫米。向量的方向为侧前，具有更主导的前向方向。
结论
使用 MSE 扩张后，在鼻旁、上唇和两侧脸颊会发生显著变化，脸颊区域的变化幅度更大。这些变化在 1 年后不会复发（p < 0.05）。
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