Kozłowski K, Jankowski J, Otowski K, Zduńczyk Z, Ognik K
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Bioengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2018 Jun;21(2):245-253. doi: 10.24425/119043.
The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis postulating that the supplementation of turkey diets with Cu nanoparticles can lower dietary inclusion levels of Cu without compromising the growth rate and antioxidant status of turkeys. The experiment was carried out on 648 one-day-old Hybrid Converter turkeys divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group, in a two-factorial design with 3 dietary inclusion levels of Cu (20, 10 and 2 mg/kg) and 2 dietary sources of Cu - copper sulfate (Cu-SUL) and Cu nanoparticles (Cu-NP). At 42 days of age, blood samples were collected from 2 birds per replicate (12 birds per group), after slaughter livers were collected for analyses. Blood and liver samples were assayed for: Cu, Zn, Ca, P, Mg, GLU, TP, ALB, UREA, TAG, TC, UA, ALT, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, SOD, GPx, CAT, VIT C, FRAP, GSH+GSSG, LOOH, MDA. The results of this experiment demonstrate that a decrease in the dietary inclusion levels of Cu from 10 mg/kg to 2 mg/kg does not compromise the growth performance of turkeys, but weakens antioxidant defense mechanisms. A Cu dose of 20 mg/kg induces oxidation reactions and has a much more inhibitory effect on the antioxidant defense system than dietary Cu content of 2 mg/kg. In turkeys, dietary supplementation with Cu-NP has a more beneficial effect on carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant status compared with Cu-SUL. The results of analyses examining the antioxidant and metabolic status of young turkeys indicate that 10 mg/kg is the optimal dietary inclusion level of Cu.
本研究的目的是验证一个假设，即火鸡日粮中添加铜纳米颗粒可以降低铜的日粮添加水平，同时不影响火鸡的生长速度和抗氧化状态。实验选用648只1日龄的杂交转换型火鸡，采用两因素设计，将其分为6组，每组6个重复，设置3个铜日粮添加水平（20、10和2毫克/千克）和2种铜的日粮来源——硫酸铜（Cu-SUL）和铜纳米颗粒（Cu-NP）。在42日龄时，每组每个重复采集2只火鸡的血样（每组12只），屠宰后采集肝脏进行分析。对血样和肝脏样本进行以下指标检测：铜、锌、钙、磷、镁、葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、尿酸、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、维生素C、铁还原能力、谷胱甘肽（氧化型+还原型）、脂质过氧化物、丙二醛。本实验结果表明，日粮中铜的添加水平从10毫克/千克降至2毫克/千克不会影响火鸡的生长性能，但会削弱抗氧化防御机制。20毫克/千克的铜剂量会引发氧化反应，相比2毫克/千克的日粮铜含量，对抗氧化防御系统的抑制作用更强。在火鸡中，与硫酸铜相比，日粮中添加铜纳米颗粒对碳水化合物代谢和抗氧化状态有更有益的影响。对幼龄火鸡抗氧化和代谢状态的分析结果表明，10毫克/千克是铜的最佳日粮添加水平。
