Morsy Eman A, Hussien Ahmed M, Ibrahim Marwa A, Farroh Khaled Y, Hassanen Eman I
Poultry Diseases Department, Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Toxicology & Forensic Medicine Department, Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Dec;199(12):4731-4745. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02595-4. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are consciously used to control the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae. Several studies documented the beneficial and hazardous effects of CuO-NPs on human cells and different experimental animals but there are not many studies that report the effect of CuO-NPs in poultry. Therefore, the present study was performed to investigate the dose-dependent effects of copper oxide nanoparticles on the growth performance, immune status, oxidant/antioxidant capacity, DNA status, and histological structures of most edible parts of broiler chickens (muscle, heart, liver, spleen, and kidneys). The experiment was carried out on 90 1-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) which were divided into three experimental groups (n = 30) in three replicates (n = 10). Group 1 was kept as a control group and did not receive copper oxide nanoparticles. Groups 2 and 3 received CuO-NPs by oral gavage at dose 5 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg bwt respectively at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of the life of the chickens. An increase in the amount of feed intake and weight was recorded every week, and finally, the food conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. Our results showed dose-dependent increases in malondialdehyde levels, copper contents, DNA fragmentation percent, and microscopic scoring in different examined organs of CuO-NPs-receiving groups associated with a remarkable reduction in weight gain, food conversion ratio, catalase activity, and antibody titer of both New Castle and Avian Influenza viruses. Histopathological alterations were observed in both groups receiving CuO-NPs with some variations in its severity. Our study concluded that CuO-NPs are considered cytotoxic and we recommend not adding them to poultry feed.
氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuO-NPs）被有意用于控制细菌、真菌和藻类的生长。多项研究记录了CuO-NPs对人类细胞和不同实验动物的有益及有害影响，但关于CuO-NPs在家禽中的作用的研究并不多。因此，本研究旨在探讨氧化铜纳米颗粒对肉鸡最可食用部位（肌肉、心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肾脏）的生长性能、免疫状态、氧化/抗氧化能力、DNA状态和组织结构的剂量依赖性影响。实验选用90只1日龄的肉鸡雏鸡（科宝500），分为三个实验组（n = 30），每组重复三次（n = 10）。第1组作为对照组，不接受氧化铜纳米颗粒。第2组和第3组在雏鸡1、7、14、21、28和35日龄时分别通过口服灌胃给予剂量为5 mg/kg和15 mg/kg体重的CuO-NPs。每周记录采食量和体重的增加情况，最后计算饲料转化率（FCR）。我们的结果显示，接受CuO-NPs组的不同检测器官中丙二醛水平、铜含量、DNA片段化百分比和显微镜评分呈剂量依赖性增加，同时体重增加、饲料转化率、过氧化氢酶活性以及新城疫病毒和禽流感病毒的抗体效价显著降低。在接受CuO-NPs的两组中均观察到组织病理学改变，但其严重程度存在一些差异。我们的研究得出结论，CuO-NPs具有细胞毒性，建议不要将其添加到家禽饲料中。
