Phani Victor, Bishnoi Satyapal, Sharma Amita, Davies Keith G, Rao Uma
Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
Department of Nematology, Agricultural Research Station (Rajasthan Agricultural University) Durgapura, Jaipur, India.
J Nematol. 2018;50(3):387-398. doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2018-015.
Neem is a perennial plant of family Meliaceae grown very commonly in India. During a survey in Rajasthan, India; a population of root-knot nematode was found in association with tender neem plants causing yellowing, stunting, and heavy root galling. Inspection of the perineal pattern morphology of the adult females, extracted from the galled roots, primarily led to identification of the species as Meloidogyne indica . Further, detailed morphological and morphometric illustrations of second-stage juveniles, males and females were carried out by light compound and scanning electron microscopy. Gross morphology and measurements were found consistent with the original description of M. indica infecting citrus by Whitehead (1968). The neem population was found to infect and reproduce on citrus. Additionally, evolutionary relationship was deduced by Maximum likelihood method using ITS rRNA, D2D3 expansion segment of 28S rRNA and mitochondrial COI sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on these sequences showed sufficient divergence of M. indica to be differentiated as a unique species under the genus Meloidogyne .
印楝是楝科的一种多年生植物，在印度非常常见。在印度拉贾斯坦邦进行的一项调查中，发现一群根结线虫与嫩印楝植株相伴，导致植株发黄、发育不良和根部严重瘿瘤。从瘿根中提取成年雌虫，检查其会阴花纹形态，初步鉴定该物种为南方根结线虫。此外，通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对二龄幼虫、雄虫和雌虫进行了详细的形态学和形态测量学描述。总体形态和测量结果与怀特黑德（1968年）对侵染柑橘的南方根结线虫的原始描述一致。发现印楝上的线虫群体可侵染柑橘并在其上繁殖。此外，利用ITS rRNA、28S rRNA的D2D3扩展片段和线粒体COI序列，通过最大似然法推断进化关系。基于这些序列的系统发育分析表明，南方根结线虫有足够的差异，可被区分为根结线虫属中的一个独特物种。
