Escobar-Avila Ilia Mariana, López-Villegas Edgar Óliver, Subbotin Sergei A, Tovar-Soto Alejandro
Laboratorio de Nematología Agrícola, Departamento de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, CP 11340.
Central de Instrumentación de Microscopía, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional México, CP 11340.
J Nematol. 2018 Sep 3;50(2):229-242. doi: 10.21307/jofnem-2018-021.
During 2008 to 2016 in several nematological surveys in the Tepeaca Valley, Puebla, Mexico, carrot cyst nematode, Heterodera carotae was found parasitizing carrots, Daucus carota . The nematode was present in 61% of the sampled fields with high population densities, causing severe carrot yield losses in the Tepeaca Valley. The aim of this work was to study morphology, morphometrics, host range, and molecular characterization of the nematode. The morphological and morphometric characterization was made using light and scanning electron microscopy of the second stage juveniles, females, males and cysts, and the host range study, was performed with nine different plants from five families. The molecular identification was made by sequencing and analysing the ITS rRNA and partial COI genes. It was shown that using presently available molecular tools it is not possible to make an accurate differentiation of H. carotae from H. cruciferae . The host range test allowed to distinguish these species from each other. Our study showed that male stylet length is longer for H. carotae compared with that for H. cruciferae . This is an example of importance of combination of several methods for the correct identification of cyst nematodes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of H. carotae in Mexico.
2008年至2016年期间，在墨西哥普埃布拉州特佩阿卡山谷进行的几次线虫学调查中，发现胡萝卜孢囊线虫（Heterodera carotae）寄生于胡萝卜（Daucus carota）。该线虫存在于61%的采样田地中，种群密度高，给特佩阿卡山谷的胡萝卜造成了严重的产量损失。这项工作的目的是研究该线虫的形态、形态测量、寄主范围和分子特征。利用光镜和扫描电镜对第二代幼虫、雌虫、雄虫和孢囊进行形态和形态测量特征分析，并对来自五个科的九种不同植物进行寄主范围研究。通过对ITS rRNA和部分COI基因进行测序和分析进行分子鉴定。结果表明，利用目前可用的分子工具，无法准确区分胡萝卜孢囊线虫和十字花科孢囊线虫。寄主范围测试可以区分这两个物种。我们的研究表明，胡萝卜孢囊线虫雄虫的口针长度比十字花科孢囊线虫的长。这是多种方法结合对准确鉴定孢囊线虫的重要性的一个例子。据我们所知，这是墨西哥首次报道胡萝卜孢囊线虫。
