Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Viruses. 2018 Nov 16;10(11):641. doi: 10.3390/v10110641.
The influenza A virus (IAV) genome consists of eight single-stranded RNA segments. Each segment is associated with a protein complex, with the 3' and 5' ends bound to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the remainder associated with the viral nucleoprotein. During transcription of viral mRNA, this ribonucleoprotein complex steals short, 5'-capped transcripts produced by the cellular DNA dependent RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and uses them to prime transcription of viral mRNA. Here, we review the current knowledge on the process of IAV cap-snatching and suggest a requirement for RNAPII promoter-proximal pausing for efficient IAV mRNA transcription.
甲型流感病毒（IAV）的基因组由 8 个单链 RNA 片段组成。每个片段都与一个蛋白质复合物相关联，其 3' 和 5' 末端与 RNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶（RdRp）结合，其余部分与病毒核蛋白结合。在病毒 mRNA 的转录过程中，这个核糖核蛋白复合物窃取了由细胞 DNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶 II（RNAPII）产生的短的 5' 帽状转录本，并利用它们来启动病毒 mRNA 的转录。在这里，我们回顾了 IAV 帽抢夺的过程，并提出了对 RNAPII 启动子近端暂停的要求，以实现有效的 IAV mRNA 转录。
