Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610066, China.
Parasit Vectors. 2018 Nov 20;11(1):599. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-3184-y.
Scabies is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei burrowing into the stratum corneum of the host's skin and is detrimental to the health of humans and animals. Vaccines are an attractive alternative to replace the acaricides currently used in their control.
In the present study, the S. scabiei chitinase-like protein 5 (SsCLP5) was characterized and recombinant SsCLP5 (rSsCLP5) was evaluated as a candidate vaccine protein for anti-mite protection in rabbits. The expression, characterization and immunolocalization of SsCLP5 were examined. Vaccination experiments were performed on three test groups (n = 12 per group) immunized with purified rSsCLP5. Control groups (n = 12 per group) were immunized with PBS, QuilA saponin or empty vector protein. After challenge, the inflammatory reaction and skin lesions were graded and rSsCLP5 indirect ELISA was used to detect antibody IgG levels in serum samples at the time of vaccination and post-challenge.
The results showed that rSsCLP5 had high immunoreactivity and immunogenicity. In S. scabiei, SsCLP5 had a wide distribution in the chewing mouthpart, legs and exoskeleton, especially the outer layer of the exoskeleton. Vaccination with rSsCLP5 resulted in 74.3% (26/35) of rabbits showing no detectable lesions after challenge with S. scabiei.
Our data demonstrate that rSsCLP5 is a promising candidate for a recombinant protein-based vaccine against S. scabiei. This study also provides a method for studying scabies vaccine using rabbit as an animal model and a basis for screening more effective candidate proteins.
疥疮是由疥螨钻入宿主皮肤的角质层引起的，对人类和动物的健康有害。疫苗是一种有吸引力的替代方法，可以替代目前用于控制的杀螨剂。
本研究对疥螨几丁质酶样蛋白 5（SsCLP5）进行了特征描述，并评估了重组 SsCLP5（rSsCLP5）作为抗螨保护的候选疫苗蛋白在兔中的作用。检测了 SsCLP5 的表达、特征描述和免疫定位。将纯化的 rSsCLP5 免疫三组（每组 12 只）进行疫苗接种实验。对照组（每组 12 只）分别用 PBS、QuilA 皂苷或空载体蛋白免疫。攻毒后，对炎症反应和皮肤损伤进行分级，并在疫苗接种和攻毒后检测血清样本中 rSsCLP5 间接 ELISA 的抗体 IgG 水平。
结果表明 rSsCLP5 具有高免疫反应性和免疫原性。在疥螨中，SsCLP5 在咀嚼口器、腿部和外骨骼中广泛分布，特别是在外骨骼的外层。用 rSsCLP5 免疫接种可使 74.3%（26/35）的兔子在受到疥螨攻击后无明显可检测的病变。
我们的数据表明 rSsCLP5 是一种有前途的重组蛋白疫苗候选物，可用于治疗疥螨。本研究还为使用兔作为动物模型研究疥疮疫苗提供了一种方法，并为筛选更有效的候选蛋白提供了依据。
