Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia, Egypt.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Jul 24;123(7):285. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08298-8.
Scabies is an itchy skin disease caused by the burrowing mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. During their lifespan, female mites invade the stratum corneum and create tunnels in which they reside, move, feed, deposit fecal pellets, and lay eggs. Globally, more than 200 million people are estimated to be affected by scabies annually. Currently, using scabicidal agents is the only approved method for treating scabies. However, resistance to commonly used agents such as permethrin and ivermectin has been observed in scabies mites. Therefore, the development of vaccines for scabies, either as a preventative measure or for treatment, is crucial to control such neglected diseases. Since the host could evolve a protective immune response that could prevent re-infestation by scabies mites, vaccine development is theoretically possible. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the ongoing challenges regarding the currently available control measures for scabies. It also explores the promising path of scabies vaccine development, highlighting the current state of research and challenges that need to be addressed to develop new and innovative measures for both treating and preventing scabies infections.
疥疮是一种由挖掘螨，疥螨引起的瘙痒性皮肤病。在其生命周期中，雌性螨虫侵入角质层并在其中创建隧道，它们在这些隧道中居住、移动、进食、排泄粪便颗粒和产卵。据估计，全球每年有超过 2 亿人受到疥疮的影响。目前，使用杀螨剂是治疗疥疮的唯一批准方法。然而，已经观察到疥疮螨虫对常用药物如氯菊酯和伊维菌素的耐药性。因此，开发疥疮疫苗无论是作为预防措施还是治疗手段，对于控制这些被忽视的疾病至关重要。由于宿主可能会产生一种保护性免疫反应，从而防止疥疮螨虫再次感染，因此从理论上讲疫苗的开发是可行的。本综述旨在全面概述目前用于控制疥疮的现有控制措施所面临的挑战。它还探讨了开发疥疮疫苗的有前途的途径，强调了当前研究的现状和需要解决的挑战，以开发治疗和预防疥疮感染的新的创新措施。
