Jelonek Karol, Widłak Piotr
Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland.
Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2018;22(3):135-140. doi: 10.5114/wo.2018.78942. Epub 2018 Sep 30.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and a major problem affecting its mortality is the late diagnosis of the majority of cases, where treatment options are limited and overall prognosis is very bad. Currently, a low-dose computed tomography (LD-CT) screening in the high-risk group is the only available diagnostic strategy that could reduce mortality due to this malignancy. However, the LD-CT screening test suffers from a high false positive rate. Hence, complementation of LD-CT examination with blood-based biomarkers is a rational approach to increase efficacy and reduce the cost of early lung cancer screening programs. Several molecular signatures that discriminate between patients with early lung cancer and healthy individuals have been proposed in recent years, which are based on components of serum/plasma metabolome. However, none of these signatures has been validated by independent studies based on material collected during real lung cancer screening. Therefore, the validation of the real diagnostic value of these otherwise promising candidates remains a critical step in this challenging field of cancer diagnostics.
肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，影响其死亡率的一个主要问题是大多数病例诊断较晚，此时治疗选择有限且总体预后很差。目前，对高危人群进行低剂量计算机断层扫描（LD-CT）筛查是唯一可降低这种恶性肿瘤死亡率的诊断策略。然而，LD-CT筛查试验的假阳性率很高。因此，用基于血液的生物标志物补充LD-CT检查是提高早期肺癌筛查计划的效率并降低成本的合理方法。近年来已经提出了几种区分早期肺癌患者和健康个体的分子特征，这些特征基于血清/血浆代谢组的成分。然而，这些特征均未通过基于实际肺癌筛查期间收集的材料的独立研究得到验证。因此，在这个具有挑战性的癌症诊断领域，验证这些看似有前景的候选物的实际诊断价值仍然是关键的一步。
