Tóth Gábor, Szabó Dorottya, Sándor Gábor L, Nagy Zoltán Z, Karadeniz Sehnaz, Limburg Hans, Németh János
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar;29(2):141-147. doi: 10.1177/1120672118811738. Epub 2018 Nov 21.
: The purpose of the study was to estimate the number of people with diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the prevalence of blindness and severe visual impairment among people with diabetes mellitus in Hungary based on our recent national representative survey.
: Altogether 105 clusters of 35 people aged 50 years or older were randomly selected. Standardized rapid assessment of avoidable blindness with the diabetic retinopathy module was used. Each individual received a visual acuity assessment, and every person with diabetes mellitus underwent dilated fundus examination.
: The estimated number of people with diabetes mellitus was 807,885 in the adult (⩾18 years) population in Hungary with 9.9% prevalence. Diabetic retinopathy exhibited an increasing tendency with age. The prevalence rates of blindness and severe visual impairment in people with diabetes mellitus aged ⩾50 years were 1.0% and 0.9%, respectively. Diabetic retinopathy was responsible for 28% of blindness and 50% of severe visual impairment among participants aged ⩾50 years with diabetes mellitus.
: The estimated number of people with diabetes mellitus and prevalence of diabetes mellitus were lower than those recently reported. However, if we extend our estimation, prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus may be higher and thus prevalence of diabetes mellitus may reach a higher value (between 9.9% and 13.4%). Because of the high number of ophthalmologically uncontrolled diabetic eyes and high rate of blindness due to diabetic retinopathy, primary eye care should be improved, and a nationwide telemedical eye-screening programme should be undertaken.
本研究旨在根据我们最近进行的全国代表性调查，估算匈牙利糖尿病患者的数量、糖尿病患病率以及糖尿病患者中失明和严重视力损害的患病率。
总共随机选取了105个由35名50岁及以上人群组成的群组。采用糖尿病视网膜病变模块对可避免失明进行标准化快速评估。对每个人进行视力评估，每位糖尿病患者均接受散瞳眼底检查。
匈牙利成年（≥18岁）人群中糖尿病患者的估算数量为807,885人，患病率为9.9%。糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率随年龄增长呈上升趋势。年龄≥50岁的糖尿病患者中失明和严重视力损害的患病率分别为1.0%和0.9%。在年龄≥50岁的糖尿病患者中，糖尿病视网膜病变导致的失明占28%，严重视力损害占50%。
糖尿病患者的估算数量和糖尿病患病率低于近期报告的数据。然而，如果扩大估算范围，未诊断糖尿病的患病率可能更高，因此糖尿病患病率可能达到更高值（在9.9%至13.4%之间）。由于眼科控制不佳的糖尿病眼病数量众多以及糖尿病视网膜病变导致的失明率较高，应改善初级眼科护理，并开展全国性的远程医疗眼部筛查项目。
