Cengiz Zeliha, Özkan Meral
Research Assistant, Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Inonu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Malatya, Turkey.
Assistant Professor, Department of Surgical Nursing, Inonu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Malatya, Turkey.
J Vasc Nurs. 2018 Dec;36(4):208-215. doi: 10.1016/j.jvn.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
The purpose of this study was to compare the abdominal and arm areas in the patients using subcutaneous heparin in terms of pain, hematoma, and ecchymosis development. As a result of subcutaneous heparin injections, complications such as pain, ecchymosis, and hematoma may develop in the injection site. The injection site chosen for injection is one of the factors that are effective on complications. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with 54 patients at orthopedics-traumatology and cardiothoracic surgery clinics of a university hospital. The data were collected using a patient description and follow-up form, visual analog scale, transparent film, and a chronometer. Ecchymosis and hematoma were evaluated at the 48th hour after injection, whereas the pain level was evaluated right after the injection, and the pain duration was evaluated during the injection. The rate of pain in the arm area was statistically higher. Differences between the areas in terms of level and duration of pain and development and size of ecchymosis and hematoma were not significant. More pain developed due to heparin injection in the arm area than in the abdominal area. No differences were observed between the areas in terms of level and duration of pain, development and size of ecchymosis, or development and size of hematoma.
本研究的目的是比较使用皮下肝素的患者腹部和手臂部位在疼痛、血肿及瘀斑形成方面的情况。皮下注射肝素后，注射部位可能会出现疼痛、瘀斑和血肿等并发症。选择的注射部位是影响并发症的因素之一。这项准实验研究在一所大学医院的骨科 - 创伤科和心胸外科门诊对54例患者进行。数据通过患者描述和随访表、视觉模拟量表、透明薄膜及计时器收集。注射后48小时评估瘀斑和血肿情况，注射后立即评估疼痛程度，注射期间评估疼痛持续时间。手臂部位的疼痛发生率在统计学上更高。腹部和手臂部位在疼痛程度和持续时间、瘀斑及血肿的形成和大小方面的差异不显著。手臂部位因肝素注射产生的疼痛比腹部更多。在疼痛程度和持续时间、瘀斑的形成和大小或血肿的形成和大小方面，各部位之间未观察到差异。
